Chapter 7: Measurement Scales and Statistical Concepts

Which of the following is NOT true about criterion-referenced testing?

They are useful when one is wishing to compare a score to an individual's peer group.

With regard to normally distributed curves, which of the following is NOT true?

The mean of the standard deviation (SD) is 0.

Jill Jacobs receives a grade equivalent score of 10.6 on a national reading test. She is in the ninth grade. Which statement is most true about Jill?

Jill is doing better than the average student in her grade level.

If you convert a group of z-scores to DIQs, you will ___________________.

keep the original shape of the raw score distribution

A test to measure psychotic tendencies was given to a group of 1,000 potential air force cadets who wished to work in nuclear silos. Any cadet who scored at or over 64 would be eliminated. The mean of the test was 52 and the SD was 12. Of the following scores, which is the highest z-score someone could receive and still be accepted to work in the silos?

0 (Because 64 is exactly one z-score above the mean of 52. They have to have scored 63 or below)

Which scale of measurement is being used when comparing achievement test scores of different school systems?

interval

Which scale of measurement is being used if assigning numbers based on different professional affiliation (e.g., counselors, social workers, psychologists, psychiatrists)?

Nominal

Which scale of measurement would you use if measuring height and weight differences?

Ratio

By using some simple statistics, we can calculate the range or band in which a person's true score might lie. This is known as ___________________.

standard error of measurement

This score is the standard score with a mean of 5.5 and an SD of 2.

Sten score

A teacher is comparing Baxter's scores to the scores of the other the students in Baxter's class. Baxter's teacher is applying

norm referencing

All but which of the following are scenarios where criterion referencing is applied?

A college preferring to accept students who have taken three AP exams.

Which option is not an example of a norm-referenced test?

BDI-2 (Beck Depression Inventory) or MAST (Michigan Alcohol Screening Test)

When comparing two individuals' scores to see who has done better, you should consider all but which choice?

How the instructor feels about the individuals' scores

Rana is using the simplest and most common method of comparing raw scores to a norm group. What method is she using?

Percentile

If one is looking at a normal curve with percentile scores, the standard deviation from -1 to +1 would be what percentage of the scores?

0.68 (because .34 + .34 = .68) see figure 7.1

When comparing a T-score to a normal curve, a T-score of 40 would be at -1.0 SD on the normal curve. +1.0 SD would be what T-score?

60

T-scores have a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10 and are generally used with _____ tests.

personality

Seamus is looking to use a standard scoring system frequently used in schools. It is often used with achievement tests. This system has a mean of 5, a standard deviation of 2, and a range from 1 to 9. Which system is Seamus looking to use?

stanines

The Normal Curve Equivalents (NCE) is a form of standard scoring frequently used in the educational community. The NCE has a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 21.06. These units range from 1 to 99 in equal units along the bell-shaped curve. Percentile ranks range from 1 to 99 _______.

but are not arranged in equal units along the curve.

When looking at a figure that compares the normal curve and types of standard scores, the mean of the normal curve with standard deviation of -3 to +3 is 0. The percentile that lines up with the mean is 50%. The T-score (range of 20-80) that lines up with the normal curve's mean of 0% and 50% is ___, while the Deviation IQ (range of 55-145) is ____.

50, 100

If Lilith analyzed a 9-year, 4-month old girl's height (55 inches) and then compared to the mean height of other girls of her age, Lilith would be trying to find a ____ score.

age comparison

Reliability coefficient and standard error of measurement (SEM) have what kind of a relationship?

Inverse

Ordinal scales have numbers with rank order but unequal distances between, while interval scales

have numbers with equal distances between but no zero.

Ratio scales have a meaningful zero pint and equal intervals; therefore, it can be manipulated by mathematical principles. ______ behavioral measures fall into this category.

very few