Lecture 18: Synaptic Transmission, Neural Intergration, and CNS

Function of Cerebrum

Memory, emotions, conscious

Function of cerebral cortex

higher function

Function of basal nuclei

cognitive processing & planning movemnts

Function of Basal forebrain

Learning & memory

Function of Limbic cortex

Emotion, behavior, memory

Function of frontal lobe

voluntary movement

function of parietal lobe

somatosensory

Function of occipital lobe

vision

function of temporal lobe

hearing

What does the Broca’s area do?

Form physical words

Function of olfactory cortex

smell

What is ONLY on the left side of brain

Wernicke’s area

Function of Wernicke’s area

Understanding language & coherent answering

Function of Hypothalamus in (limbic cortex)

Regulates homeostasis

Function of Thalamus in (limbic cortex)

relay and some processing info between cerebral, PNS, spinal cord, and brain stem

Function of amygdala in (limbic cortex)

controls fear and aggression

Function of Hippocampus in (limbic cortex)

Controls long-term memory & emotional responses

What three things make up the brain stem?

Midbrain, pons, medulla

Function of Midbrain

Coordinates sensory representation of vision, hearing, and somatosensory

Function of Pons and medulla

Regulates autonomic involuntary movement (ex: heartbeat)

Function of Cerebellum

Compares info from the cerebrum to incoming sensory from PNS

What is the cranial number of olfactory nerve

1 or (I)

What is the cranial number of optic nerve

2 or (II)

What is the cranial number of vestibulocochlear nerve

8 or (VIII)

What is the cranial number of Glossopharyngeal nerve

9 or (IX)

What is the cranial number of vagus nerve

10 or (X)

Where is white matters located

axons

where is gray matter found in

dendrites/ cell body

What is the 4 flow steps of gray matter of spinal cord

receptor→ afferent neuron→ dorsal root ganglion→ dorsal root

4 flow steps of ascending tracts - parietal lobe

Ascending tracts→ medulla→ Thalmus→ parietal lobe

What are the 2 ascending sensory tracts ?

Dorsal columns & Lateral Spinothalamic Tract

What does the Dorsal Columns detect?

Proprioception, Deep touch, Vibration

Where do the Dorsal Column crossover?

@ medulla

What does the Lateral Spinothalamic Tract detect?

Pain & Temperature

Where does the Lateral Spinothalamic tract crossover

Where it enters the body

What are the 2 Descending tracts ?

Lateral Corticospinal tract & Ventral Corticospinal Tract

Are the descending tracts motor or sensory?

Motor

What does the Lateral Corticospinal tract control?

The extremities (ex: arms & legs)

What does the Ventral Corticospinal control ?

trunk

Where does the Lateral Corticospinal tract crossover ?

medulla

Where does the Ventral Corticospinal tract crossover?

Where it leaves

The Lateral horn of gray matters goes to?

Gland or smooth muscle

The Ventral horn goes to?

Skeletal muscles (voluntary movement)