med terms

Alopecia

Loss of hair.

Brudzinski’s Sign

Flexion of the hips and knees in response to passive flexion of the neck, indicating meningeal irritation.

Buffalo Hump

Accumulation of fat on the back of the neck.

Butterfly Rash

Erythematous, scaling eruption on both cheeks connected by a rash across the nose.

Carpopedal Spasm (Trousseau’s Sign)

Contraction of fingers and hand due to applying a blood pressure cuff, a sign of tetany.

Chvostek’s Sign

Abnormal facial muscle spasm elicited by tapping the facial nerve, suggesting hypocalcemia.

Cyanosis

Bluish discoloration of skin due to unoxygenated hemoglobin.

Diplopia

Seeing one object as two, double vision.

Dyspepsia

Feeling of fullness or indigestion.

Exophthalmos (Proptosis)

Abnormal protrusion of one or both eyeballs.

Fatigue

Lack of energy due to decreased oxygen carrying capacity of blood.

Halo Vision (Halos)

Seeing rainbow-like rings around lights.

Hoarseness

Rough voice sound, a sign of laryngeal cancer.

Jaundice (Icterus)

Yellow discoloration of skin or mucous membranes due to bilirubin levels.

Murmurs

Abnormal sounds heard within heart chambers or major arteries.

Nyctalopia

Night blindness.

Nystagmus

Jerky eye movements, including horizontal, vertical, and rotary nystagmus.

Orthostatic Hypotension

Abnormal response to body fluid shifts upon standing.

Postural Hypotension

Drop in blood pressure upon changing positions.

Ptosis

Excessive drooping of the upper eyelid.

Setting-Sun Sign (Sunset Eyes)

Eyebrows and eyelids drawn upward, leading to inability to gaze upward.

Tinnitus

Ringing in the ears, sizzling, buzzing, or seashell sound.

Trismus

Lockjaw, prolonged spasm of jaw muscles, an early sign of tetanus.

Tunnel Vision

Loss of peripheral vision, gunbarrel or tubular vision.

Urinary Incontinence

Uncontrollable passage of urine due to bladder or neurologic issues.

Vertigo

Illusion of movement, feeling of revolving in space or surroundings revolving around the patient, often due to cranial nerve 8 issues.

Xerostomia

Decreased saliva, dryness of the mouth.