geography - urbanisation

how do you calculate natural increase

birth rate - death rate

definition of urbanisation

a process where an increasing proportion of the population lives in town and cities and there is a reduction living in rural areas

HICs urban population %

over 60%

what are two of the reasons of urbanisation?

rural to urban migration, natural increase

What are some of the push factors in urbanisation?

less job opportunities, education, access to essentials,healthcare

what are some pull factors in urbanisation?

more job opportunities,education,access to essentials, healthcare, better transport and quality of life

what percentage of people live in cities in the UK?

82%

What is the pattern of urban change ?

HIC countries like the UK only have a 9% population change but NEEs like Nigeria and LICs like Botswana both have a dramatic increase to 65 % and 78%

where will the largest growth in urbanisation be around the world by 2050

India,china,nigeria. These 3 will account for 37% of projected growth from 2014 - 2050. India will add 404 million urban dwellers, china 292 million and Nigeria 212 million

definition of urban sprawl

the cities grow in area and not just population

definition of counter urbanisation

people moving from urban to rural areas

pull factors for counterurbanisation

cheaper houses( bigger land for less), retirement, lifestyle change

push factors for counterurbanisation

pollution,crime

definition of megacity

a city that has a population of more than 10 million

top 3 megacities

Tokyo,Japan ( 37 million), Jakarta,Indonesia ( 33 million), Delhi,India ( 32.2 million)

growth of megacities stat

In 2015 there were over 28 megacities, the UN has estimated there to be 50 by 2050

types of megacities: Slow - growing

South East Asia, Europe. No squatter settlements, population at 70+

types of mega cities: growing

South America, South east Asia. Population 40 - 50% urban and under 20% in squatter settlements

types of megacities : Rapid-growing

South East asia and Africa. Population under 50% urban and over 20% in squatter settlements

definition of brownfield site

a development site where older buildings are demolished or renovated before a new development takes place

definition of greenfield site

a plot of land that has not been used before the building

definition of green belt

A government policy used to prevent the spread of cities into the countryside