Earth science 2

Energy Resources

natural sources from which energy is derived

Fossils fuels

made from decomposing plants and animals. These fuels are found in Earth’s crust and contain carbon and hydrogen, which can be burned for energy

ex: coal, oil, and natural gas

Coal

material usually found in sedimentary rock deposits where rock and dead plant and animal matter are piled up in layers.

used for electricity generation and industrial processes

Oil

Liquid fossil fuels, also known as petroleum or crude oil.

originally found as a solid material between layers of sedimentary rock, like shale. 

mainly used for transportation fuels, heating, and electricity generation

Natural Gas

usually found in pockets above oil deposits. 

can also be found in sedimentary rock layers that don’t contain oil. 

Used for electricity generation, heating, and as a raw material in the chemical industry

Solar energy

power obtained by harnessing the energy of the sun's rays. It can be used for generating electricity (solar photovoltaic) or for heating (solar thermal)

Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Systems

Convert sunlight directly into electricity using solar cells.

Solar Thermal Systems

Use sunlight to heat water or air for domestic, commercial, or industrial use

Wind Energy

form of renewable energy harnessed from the natural movement of the air.

Geothermal Energy

Source of power generated by harnessing the heat from within the Earth

Hydropower (Water)

renewable energy source that harnesses the energy of moving water to generate electricity

Biomass

renewable energy derived from organic materials such as plants, agricultural residues, and animal waste