convergent vs divergent thinking

divergent thinking

proposing many possible solutions in an attempt to suggest one way that may work; creativity/open minded

convergent thinking

narrowing different ideas from possible solutions to determine a single best solution to a problem; logic

algorithms

step by step methods that guarantee a solution; methodical, time-consuming

heuristics

mental shortcuts that allow us to make judgements and solve problems quickly; "rules of thumb," prone to error

fixation

an inability to see a problem from a fresh perspective- impedes problem solving

2 types of fixation

mental set
functional fixedness

mental set

a tendency to only see solutions that have worked in the past

functional fixedness

a cognitive bias that limits you to use an object in the way it was meant to be used

insight

occurs when you have a sudden realization of a problem's solution; usually through trial and error