le3 - sq6 cvs respi Embryology

tracheoesophageal Fistula, 4th

(1) dz due to abnormal PARTITION by the tracheoesophageal SEPTUM. trachea & esophagus r connected pa.

(2) wc occurs at the __th week.

Pleuroperitoneal membrane, dorsal mesentery of esophagus, somites c3-5, ingrowths from lateral body wall

DIAPHRAGM FORMATION (oriigin:future)

1. x: central tendon, ct

2. X: crura

3. x: ms parts

4. x: peripheral rim

Eventration of diaphragm

Due to total or defective muscular development: myoblasts from cervical 3-5 somites. Weak diaphragm part.

congenital diaphragmatic hernia

dz There is a posterolateral defect in the diaphragm.

Thus, the contents of the abdomen would herniate into the

thoracic cavity

● Usually occurs in the left side

● Contents that could possibly herniate into the thoracic cavity and

compress the developing lung: → Intestine

→ Spleen

→ Stomach

→ Liver

→ Or all of the contents

● All of this happens in utero (in the womb) and the lungs are still

developing

● If herniation occurs during development, the lungs (one lung or

both lungs) will not be able to grow normally and form

hypoplastic compressed lung or a small undeveloped lung

hyaline membrane disease, respiratory distress syndrome

1) dz due to baby born before lung fully matures, thus lacking in surfactant

2) other name

20, canalicular, 28, saccular, 34,

at __ weeks, surfactant is synthesized during the __ phase. Formation of alveoli.

at __ weeks, sig. Amt of detectable surfactant, can survive, during the __ phase. Alveolarization initiated.

at __ weeks, increased amt of surfactant is synthesized w/ better chance of survival.

Embryonic, Pseudoglandular, simple COLUMNAR, Canalicular, simple CUBOIDAL, Saccular, simple squamous, Alveolar

FORMATION OF TRACHEOBRONCHIAL TREE:

1. __ devt of PROXIMAL (malayo) airways such as trachea & bronchi

2. __ devt of LOWER CONDUCTING airways + VASCULAR SUPPLY.

3. Epithelium ⬆

4. __ formation of GAS EXCHANGING UNITS

5. Epithelium ⬆

6. __ initiation of ALVEOLARIZATION

7. Epithelium ⬆

8. __ continued alveoli devt & proliferation

septum Primum, atrium septum, septum secundum & foramen secundum

PARTITION OF PRIMORDIAL ATRIUM (origin:future)

__ : atrium septum & valve of f. ovale

__ : (L & R) atrium

__ & _ : foramen ovale

RIGHT HORN sinus venosus, left horn sinus venosus. Primitive Atrium, Primitive PULMONARY VEIN

sinus venosus (origin:future)

• __ sinus venarum, crista terminalis

• __ coronary sinus

• __ pectinate ms, (l) auricle, right atrium r = rough,

• __ left atrium

Truncus arteriosus, Transposition of Great Arteries, Tetralogy of Fallot

ABNORMALITIES IN THE FORMATION OF THE SPIRAL SEPTUM

• Results from failure of truncal ridges and aorticopulmonary septum to develop normally, thus mix O2 & Deox blood.

• Most common cause of cyanotic heart disease in newborn

  infants. Conotruncal/aorticopulmonary/spiral septum fails to follow its spiral course and runs straight down

• Most common beyond infant.Due to unequal division of the conus resulting from anterior displacement of the conotruncal/spiral septum

Maxillary, hyoid stapes, cca ica, aortic arch right subcla, pulmonary a, ductus arteriosus

Course of Laryngeal Nerve

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

6th

Umbilical a, left umbilical v, ductus venosus, ductos arteriosus, foramen ovale

CIRC CHANGES AT BIRTH (origin:future)