HI-211-01 Final Exam Study Guide

Dec

Japan bombed Guam and lady of Kamalen day also commemorates the attack on Guam that started Japanese occupation.

GEACPS

Japan's vision of an Asian pacific empire (aka Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere).

Battle of the Coral Sea

Turning point where the US understands they could beat the Japanese.

Kaikuntai

In charge of producing food and opening new lands to farm during Japanese occupation.

Kempetai

Police force of the Japanese during their occupation of Guam.

Manengon

Concentration camp where the Japanese housed all the Chamorro people.

Father Jesus Baza Duenas

Second Chamorro to be ordained a priest, killed by Japanese in July 1944.

July 21, 1944

America came to take back Guam, Liberation Day.

Guam Combat Patrol

Formed to scout the Japanese soldiers who hid out in Guam’s jungles.

Sumay

Originally functioned as an anchorage town for whalers during Spanish occupation.

Joe Murphy

Author of “The Language Barrier on Guam is Serious” – Argues that Chamorros need to speak English only to become “full Americans”.

Rose Franquez

Academy student who wrote a response to Joe Murphy’s “Pipe Dreams”.

Jesus Charfauros

Wrote “Munga Yo’ Ma’Fino Engles” - Don’t Speak to Me in English, songs about historical and cultural preservation.

Guam Congress Walk Out

March 1949. Investigated Americans owning local businesses through Guam “front men”.

Carlos Taitano

Leader who aided the signing of the Organic Act for Guam.

Organic Act of Guam

Granted American citizenship to all people residing in Guam and their children born after April 11, 1899.

Camp Roxas

Thousands of Filipinos migrated to Guam for military projects and GovGuam positions.

Immigration and Naturalization Act

1952. People can become US citizens by staying on Guam.

TTPI

Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. The US was able to gain jurisdiction of these islands to “guide” them into the modern world.

Security Clearance

A requirement that anyone who chooses to leave or enter Guam must have approval from the admiral.

Typhoon Karen

Typhoon that destroyed 90% of the structures on the island, gave Guam $75 million in disaster relief.

Munga yo’ Ma Fino Englesi

One of the popular Chamorro songs at the time that describes how the Chamorro language and culture are being forgotten because of the Americanization of the island.

Urban Renewal

Modernizing the infrastructure of Guam (roads, houses, streets, etc.).

Johnny Sablan

Famous Chamorro recording artist. Contributor to preservation, perpetuation, and promotion of the Chamorro language and culture.

Carlos Camacho

Former governor of Guam, last appointed Governor and first elected governor of Guam after the Guam Elected Governor Act was passed.

Chamorro Land Trust Act

1975. Protects and ensures Chamorro homelands are awarded to native Chamorros.

Sella Bay

Land surrounding Sella Bay acquired by the Navy for an ammunition wharf.

Christmas Bombing

Round the clock bombing missions during the Vietnam War.

Section 30 money

Federal taxes paid on Guam that go to the Government of Guam.

Guam Doctrine

Nations will have to assume their own defense on the ground.

OPI-R

Formed before Political status Plebiscite.

UN Resolution 1514

Declared that colonialism is a denial of human rights and stops world peace.

Elective Governor Act

People of Guam can elect the Governor and Lieutenant Governor of Guam.

Draft Guam Commonwealth Act

Meant to replace Organic Act. Written by Commission on Self-Determination.

Para Pada

“Stop-Slap”. Campaigned for Chamorro language and against the Guam constitution.

Guam Constitution

Established the political structure and rights of the people of Guam.

Nasion Chamoru

Chamorro Nation. Filled with masses of Chamorros who didn’t have access to power.

Commission on Self-Determination

Created to continue the quest for a change in Guam’s political status.

Angel Santos

Spit in the face of a military police officer.

Davis vs

Legal challenge arguing discrimination for not being eligible for decolonization registry and self-determination vote.

Manuel Guerrero

Appointed governor from 1962 - 1969.

Commission on Decolonization

Created by 26th Guam Legislature to define Chamorros and align with

Polynesian dancers and culture

The introduction of Polynesian dancers and culture in the 1960s and 70s due to the lack of a suitable Chamorro culture for the tourism market.

Chamorro cultural identity

The impact of entertainment for the tourism market made the Chamorro people reflect on their indigenous identity, leading to the implementation of Chamorro cultural dances and the inclusion of the Chamorro language in government and education.

Sella Bay Ammunition Wharf Controversy

The controversy surrounding the plans to build an ammunition wharf in Sella Bay, which challenged the governor's authority to transfer land without legislative approval.

Chamorro Land Trust Act

The creation of the Chamorro Land Trust Act as a response to the Sella Bay controversy, which set aside large areas of government land on Guam for Chamorro homes and agricultural farms due to the recognition of land scarcity on the island.