APHG Vocab Unite 3

Acculturation

2 cultures come together through migration

Adherents

People who are loyal to a belief, religion organization

Artifacts

Visible objects and technologies that a culture creates

Assimilation

When 1 culture adopts almost all cultural traits of the other

Buddhism

Oldest universalizing religion based on teaching of siddartha Gautama

Centrifugal force

A force that divides a group of people

Centripetal force

A force that brings a group of people together

Christianity

Religion based on teachings of Jesus

Collectivist cultures

People are expected to conform to collective responsibility within a family to be respectful to elders

Contagious diffusion

When an idea/cultural traits spread adjacently

Creolization

The process by which two languages converge

Culture

Refers to the beliefs, practices, behaviors and technologies shared by a society

Cultural Appropriation

Adopting elements of another culture

Cultural convergence

As a culture interacts with another they become similar

Cultural divergence

Increased interaction between two cultures with conflicting beliefs or other barriers causing cultures to become less similar

Cultural hearth

A place that innovation and a major culture stems from

Cultural landscape

A natural landscape that has been modified by humans reflecting their own cultural values

Cultural norms

The shared standards and patterns that guide the behavior of a group of people

Cultural relativism

Evaluation of a culture solely by its unique standards

Cultural trait

Objects shared by a group, such as food and clothing, as well as language and other shared cultural practices

Dialect

A variation of the standards language in a certain religion

Diffusion

The process by which cultural traits spreads from 1 place to another

Denominations

Separate organizations that unite local congregations

Ethnicity

A state of belonging to a grouping who share common cultural characteristics

Ethnic neighborhoods

Cultural landscape within communities of people outside their areas of origin

Ethnic religion

Religion closely tied with an ethnic group

Ethnocentrism

Tendency of ethnic groups to evaluate other groups according to preconcibes ideas originating from their own culture

Expansion diffusion

When an aspect of culture spreads outwards from where it originated

Gender identity

The way someone identifies

Gendered spaces

Certain spaces designed to accommodate gender roles

Gentrification

Renovations/improvements conforming to the middle class preference

Hierarchical diffusion

Spread of an idea/trait through a person or place of power

Hinduism

South Asian mostly Indian religion

Identity

How humans make sense of themselves and how they wished to be viewed by others

Islam

2nd largest religion, based on Mohamed, messenger of Allah

Judaism

Ancient ethnic religion Hebrew bible

Language

The carrier of human thoughts and cultural identities

Language branch

Collection of languages within a family that share common origin

Language family

Largest grouping of related languages including those languages that share a common ancestral language

Language group

Languages within a branch with a common ancestorin the relatively past and shares common Vocab

Lingua franca

Common language used by speakers of different languages

Mentifacts

The central enduring elements of a culture that reflect its shared ideas

Multicultural

When diverse cultures exist within space

Pilgrimage

A journey to a holy sight for spiritual reasons

Placemaking

A community process in which people create a place where they can live

Popular culture

Widespread behaviors, beliefs, and practices or ordinary people in society at a given point in time

Post-modern architecture

Emerged in 1960s, emphasized form, structures and materials

Religion

A system of a spiritual beliefs

Safe spaces

Places of acceptance for people

Sect

A relatively small group that has separated from an established denomination

Secularized

Not religious

Sense of place

When people fill a geographic location with meaning by connecting memories to it

Sequent occupancy

The theory that successive societies leave behind their cultural imprint

Sikhism

Newest universal religion founded by guru Nanak

Sociofacts

Structures and organizations that influence social behavior

Stimulus diffusion

Idea behind cultural trait stimulates growth

Syncretism

When traits from 2+ cultures blend together to create new cultural values

Third place

Communal place separate from work and home

Toponímica

Places names

Traditional architecture

Established buildings

Traditional culture

Established buildings

Traditional culture

Long established behaviors beliefs and practices passed down from generation to generation

Universalizing religion

Attempts to appeal to a wide variety of people are open to membership by all