bio 305 exam 3

which DNA strand within telomeres is elongated by an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase?

none

what elongates the leading strand template by telomerase

RNA-dependent DNA polymerase

what is not an essential feature of genetic material?

presence of nitrogenous bases

what are essential features of genetic material?

info capacity, replicate, mutate, regulate expression

what was the conclusion of the hershey-chase experiment?

DNA but not proteins is genetic material

what is the role of 5’-3’ exonuclease activity in DNA polymerase I in bacteria?

primer removal

what is the role of 3’-5’ polymerase activity?

gap filling

what enzyme may be used to cut DNA at specific sequences?

restriction endonuclease

what marks the beginning of translation?

start codon (AUG)

how have bacteria soled the “end replication problem”?

they have circular DNA

why is helicase not required for PCR?

PCR has denaturation

which strand of DNA requires an RNA primer or primers during replication?

both leading and lagging

which cell type has the lowest level of telomerase activity?

somatic

which DNA strand is elongated by an RNA-dependent DNA polymerase during or after replication in eukaryotes?

template of the lagging

which class of RNA are transcribed by each eukaryotic RNA polymerase?

1 = rRNA, 2 = mRNA, 3 = tRNA

how to interpret sanger sequencing?

pos to neg 5’-3’

what does real time PCR (qPCR) measure?

RNA or DNA concentration

what do you need to know for throughput sequencing?

genome sequence

how many

how to determine the sequence of unknown region with sanger sequencing?

use 3’ end but 5’

what is true about various elements of genes?

regulatory sequence elements are at least as important as coding sequences

interpretation of different results of meselson and stahl

evidence of replication being conservative, meaning that the parental DNA is left intact after replication

determine sequence of the pTAC7 mRNA from arabidopsis thaliana

obtain cDNA, perform PCR, sanger sequencing

what is the purpose of gel electrophoresis of RNA

separates a mix of molecules based on size

which methods rely on base pairing between complementary nucleic acids?

PCR, northern blotting, sanger DNA sequencing

which process occurs in living cells and requires a primer?

replication

when does selection respond more rapidly?

higher genetic variance

molecular marker closest to the QTL has the ___ proportion of heterozygotes

lowest

complementation groups

mutants that fail to complement each other

restriction enzymes

enzymes that cut DNA at specific recognition sequences

what does northern blot study?

RNA

what does western blot study?

proteins

what does ChIP-seq study?

DNA binding sites of proteins