NPK fertilisers

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6 Terms

1
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what are the three essential elements of fertilisers?

  • nitrogen

  • phosphorus

  • potassium

2
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what are NPK fertilisers?

  • formulations

  • contain salts of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K)

3
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how are nitrogen compounds made?

  1. ammonia + oxygen + water → nitric acid

    • NH3 + HNO3 → NH4NO3

  2. ammonia + nitric acid → ammonium nitrate

4
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how is the reaction producing ammonium nitrate carried out in the industry?

  • giant vats

    • high concentrations

    • very exothermic!

  • heat released evaporates water from mixture

    • very concentrated product

5
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how is the reaction producing ammonium nitrate carried out in the lab?

  • smaller scale

  • titration and crystallisation

    • pure ammonium nitrate crystals

  • lower concentration of reactants

    • less heat

    • safer

*crystallisation is very slow

6
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how are phosphate and potassium sourced?

mining