CH 1010 Chapter 3 Part 5

ionization energy

the energy required to remove an electron from the ground state in a neutral atom in the gas phase. (higher the Zeff, the higher the IE1) a negative and endothermic reaction

endothermic

electron removal is a _____ process

IE1

decreases moving down, increases moving right

decreases, positive

whenever moving from 1A-3A to become isoelectric w 8A the radius _____ with a ____ charge

increases, negative

whenever moving from 4A-7A to become isoelectric w 8A, the radius ___ and has a ____ charge

lowest

Alkali metals have the ____ IE1

highest

Noble Gases have the ___ IE1

2 and 3

Periods _ and _ have differences in IE1

Be/B, Mg/Al; N/O, P/S

Between what elements do these exceptions occur? Between 2A/3A, 5A/6A

first core

There is a giant increase in ionization energy when comparing removing the last valence electron to removing the ___ ___ electron

electron affinity

the energy released when a neutral atom in the gas phase gains an electron. positive and exothermic reaction. measure of the ability of an atom to accept an electron, more stable for more negative EA.

endothermic

adding an electron is an ___ process

negative, greater

The more ____ the EA, the _____ the electron affinity

alkali earth metals/noble gases

For which columns is EA positive?

H(g) = H+(g) + e-

IE is energy required to remove an electron, is it is positive and endothermic.

H(g) + e- = H(g)

EA is the energy required to add an electron, it is negative and exothermic. (except for 2A and 8A)

decreases

EA generally ___ going down a group (less negative)

increases

EA generally _____ going left to right across a period (more negative)

decreases

IE generally ____ going down a group (less positive)

increases

IE generally _____ going across a row (more positive)

IE, EA, Zeff

decreases going down, increases going across

radius

increases going down, decreases going across