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DNA is composed of ________
nucleotides
DNA replication results in two _______ DNA molecules
identical
DNA is located in the ______ of eukaryotic cells
nucleous
DNA stands for _________
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
RNA is ______ stranded, and contains the sugar ribose
single
Protein synthesis occurs in the _______ of eukaryotic cells
cytoplasm on ribosomes
Transfer RNA (tRNA) carries amino acids to the ________ during protein synthesis
ribosome
___________ are protective caps at the ends of chromosomes that shorten with each round of DNA replication
telomeres
The genetic code is __________ , meaning the same codons specify the same amino acids in all organisms
universal
Mutations in DNA can result in changes to the amino acid sequence of proteins - T or F
True
The building blocks of DNA are
nucleotides
The correct base pairing in DNA is
Adenine – Thymine, Cytosine – Guanine
Which enzyme is responsible for adding new nucleotides to the growing DNA strain during replication?
DNA Polymerase
The process of copying DNA is called
Replication
The enzyme responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix replication is called
DNA helicase
The end of eukaryotic chromosomes are called ________ , which shorten with each round of DNA replication
Telomeres
The phase of the cell cycle during which DNA replication occurs is called the
S phase
The process of assembling a protein from amino acids based on the sequence of mRNA is called
Translation
RNA stands for
Ribonucleic acid
The three types of RNA involved in protein synthesis are
tRNA - transfer, mRNA - messenger, rRNA - ribosomal
The enzyme responsible for synthesizing RNA from DNA template is called
RNA polymerase
During translation, the ribosome reads the mRNA codons and assembles the corresponding
amino acids
The genetic code is a set of rules that determines how the nucleotide sequence of mRNA is converted into the amino acid sequence of a
protein