Gravity Science Quiz

Force

what is applied to an object to make it accelerate

Acceleration

magnitude of the force

Force and Acceleration

directly proportional

little g

acceleration due to gravity

Big G

The universal Gravitational constant 6.67 x 10^--11

Law of Universal Gravitation (F=Gm1m2/d2)

F = force of gravity (Newtons)

G = Gravity constant (6.67 x 10^-11 N x m^2/kg^2)

M1 and m2 = mass (kg)

d= distance (m)

Distance and gravitational force

When the distance between objects increases by x, the gravitational force decreases by 1/x^2

Ex: Distance doubles, and gravitational force decreases by ¼

When the distance between objects decreases by 1/x, the gravitational force increases by x^2

Ex: distance decreases by 1/100, force increases by 10,000

The gravitational force on different objects on the same plane

different and is directly proportional to mass

Acceleration of different masses on the same planet

the same in the absence of air resistance

On different planets, acceleration of gravity

different planets exert different acceleration of gravity depending in mass and radius, but the acceleration is the same for all objects on the same planet

Force of gravity between two objects

the same, effect of force may differ

Ex, the force of gravity between us and the Earth affects us because our mass is small but the same force does not change the Earth due to its large mass

Mass

the amount of matter in an object

Weight

the force of gravity on an object

W=mg

W= weight (Newtons)

M = mass (kg)

g = acceleration of gravity (m/s^2)

Lab 21

As time elapsed, the average speed of the object increased, and the slope of the graph represents how the acceleration increased

Things that could affect the acceleration are air resistance and wind