Chapter 25/26/27 - Motion of Charged Particles + Electromagnetic Induction + Alternating Currents

Hall effect

the production of a potential difference across an electrical conductor when an external magnetic field is applied in a direction perpendicular to the current

Hall voltage

the potential difference produced across the sides of a conductor when an external magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the direction of the current. The Hall voltage, V_H is directly proportional to the magnetic flux density B

Fleming’s right hand (generator) rule

used to predict the direction of the induced current or emf in a conductor moved at right angles to a magnetic field; thumb → motion, first finger → magnetic field, and second finger → induced conventional current

magnetic flux

the product of magnetic flux density normal to a circuit and the cross-sectional area of the circuit. Unit: Weber, Wb

magnetic flux linkage

the product of magnetic flux for a circuit and the number of turns. Unit: Weber, Wb

Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction

the magnitude of the induced emf is directly proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux linkage

Lenz’s law

an induced e.m.f. is in a direction so as to produce effects that oppose the change producing it

sinusoidal

having a magnitude that varies in the form of a sine curve

root-mean-square (r.m.s.) value of the alternating current/voltage

the r.m.s. value of an alternating current/voltage is that steady current that delivers the same average power as the a.c. to a resistive load

rectification

the process of converting alternating voltage into direct voltage