Ap BIo Unit 7 Test Review Part 1

Which of the following sets of data provides evidence that best supports common ancestry for organisms in all three domains?

Organisms in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya each have adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine bases forming their DNA.

In the presence of available energy and the absence of a significant quantity of atmospheric O2 simple proteins will form spontaneously from a mixture of amino acids.

There is no difference in iridium levels in sediments that were deposited on Earth 3.6 billion years old, compared to recent sediments.

Immigration of individuals from Metro Manila into the two populations

By 1940, most genetic variation for speed had been lost from the gene pool.

Large population size

The frequency of B the allele will increase because light-colored individuals will be more visible to predators.

Increasing the number of trials and the number of mice in each treatment group

The group of mice fed the mutagen will show a greater ability to digest the food, because the higher genetic variation within the group makes it more likely that some individuals will have a combination of genes better adapted to the new food.

The original habitat had many available unoccupied ecological niches that were colonized by populations of the original species.

Start each population with genetically identical bacterial cells from a single culture to make sure that the initial genetic variation in all of the populations was exactly the same.

Comparisons of DNA nucleotide sequences provide evidence of the origin of the organisms’ lineages.

The two populations will show significant genetic differences because the founder effect will result in significant losses in diversity in the smaller population.

Their mtDNA genomes share more similarities with each other than with the mtDNA genomes of other species on the tree.

Introns must be removed from eukaryotic DNA before the gene is inserted into the plasmid.

Humans and mice share a recent common ancestor that had the 5’-TTAGGG-3 repeat sequence in its telomeres.

High genetic diversity increases the likelihood that individuals in the population possess traits that can withstand environmental changes.

Rat opossum

The Andean shrew opossum and the rat opossum form a separate branch from the other opossum species.

Some plasmids contain antibiotic resistance genes.

The additional pigments absorb light at wavelengths that green algae cannot absorb; this may allow cyanobacteria to capture more light energy for photosynthesis than green algae can in certain areas.

Yeast cells produce invertase, which is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of the disaccharide sucrose into glucose and fructose.

Which of the following best describes the processes occurring between the mouse populations and their environments?

Dark color is selected for in mice from the West, Mid, and East populations.

Owls (primary predators of rock pocket mice) are nocturnal visual predators that are able to distinguish effectively between dark and light colors in low-light conditions.

Which of the following best explains the relationship between coat color and predation rate in the rock pocket mouse population on the lava flow rocks with respect to the different coat color phenotypes?

A dark coat color provides camouflage to mice on the lava flow rocks; therefore, mice with dark coats have a lower predation rate in that habitat.

Based on the data in Table 1, which of the following best describes the relationship between the MC1R gene and coat color in the Carrizozo, New Mexico, rock pocket mouse population?

The researchers built an enclosure to prevent migration into and out of the O’Neill rock pocket mouse population for a period of two years.

Which of the following best predicts the effect of the enclosure on the O’Neill population?

The MC1RD allele is not responsible for dark coat color in the Carrizozo population, so the dark coat color is likely a result of convergent evolution.

Which of the following is closest to the frequency of the MC1R D allele in the Tule Mountain population?

The frequency of the  allele will decline due to natural selection.

The researchers determined that the East lava flow population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

Which of the following best explains why the population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

The presence of MC1Rd alleles in the East lava flow population is an indication of gene flow from mice populations living on light granite rocks.

Geographic isolation will create separate gene pools, leading to speciation over time.

Convergent evolution, because these organisms do not share a recent common ancestor.

The M4 and M5 populations have the lowest genetic diversity of all populations.

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Cells with mitochondria were able to utilize metabolic energy more efficiently.

The plant species will flower earlier in the spring in response to rising temperatures before the arrival of the pollinators, so seeds will not be produced.

A mixture of ribonucleotides such as adenine and uracil will spontaneously form single-stranded chains of RNA .

Specimen 4

More flies were entering side-chamber C because flies that prefer the scent of cucumber were artificially selected for.

The animals in population A were reproductively isolated from those in populations B, C, and D.

Most of the species found in the first static period will be absent in the second static period.

Populations with little genetic diversity are less likely to contain individuals that can withstand different selective pressures.

The new colonies of corals are artificially selected for tolerating an increased temperature, so they will be better adapted to moderate future increases in ocean temperature.

Some lizards will migrate to new habitats in the mountains and become isolated, leading to allopatric speciation.

Natural selection acted on variation that was present in both populations A and B, and the lack of gene flow eventually led to the formation of two new species.

Natural selection acted on variation that was present in both populations A and B, and the lack of gene flow eventually led to the formation of two new species.

Continue treating the three insect populations with the same insecticides and determine whether their efficiencies decline significantly after several generations.