Biology Test 1

What is an Organism?

A living thing

All living things must have all 6 of the following characteristics:

Made of one or more cells, sense and respond to change, reproduce, contain DNA, need and use energy, grow and change

The cell theory:

All living things are made of cells, the cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life, all cells come from pre-existing cells

What is the size of a cell?

Microscopic as they cannot be seen with the naked eye

What are Eukaryotes?

Organisms that have cells with a nucleus and other organelles?

What are Prokaryotes?

Organisms that have cells with no nucleus or organelles

What is Cell Division?

A cell called a parent cell undergoes mitosis and cytokinesis to produce two identical cells called daughter cells

What is Asexual Reproduction?

Has one parent cells and produces two identical offspring (daughter cells)

Why do organisms need cell division for Growth?

As an organism grows the number of cells increases allowing the organism to become larger

What do both Plant and Animal cells need to survive?

A source of energy, nutrients, water and gases

What is Diffusion?

The movement of chemicals from high to low concentration to spread out

What is Osmosis?

Water moves from high and low concentration through a membrane

What happens when a cell gets too large?

Chemicals and water cannot move through the cell fast enough, so the cell must divide.

Why is cell division important for Repair?

Organisms must repair themselves to stay alive by replacing old, damaged, or dead cells with new ones

What happens when cells are old or injured?

Replaced by new cells through cell division

What is cell division?

A parent cell divides through mitosis and cytokinesis to produce two identical daughter cells