Modulation of Effectors
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7 Terms
What does GA-GTP effectors mainly signal?
Enzymes to product → secondary messengers
Gs → Increase AC
Gi → Inhibit AC
Gq → Increase PLC
What does GBY effectors mainly signal?
Mainly ion channels or some enzymes
Opens GIRK Channels → K+ efflux
Inhibits Ca+ channels → decreases neurotransmitter release
Increase PI3 K
Gs?
Stimulatory
Increases adenyl cyclase
Gi?
Inhibitory
Inhibits adenyl cyclase
Gq?
Increases PLC → Phospholipase C
G12/13?
Couple to RhoGEFs → Rho GTPases
the “shape and move” G proteins, controlling cytoskeleton via Rho.
What actually is a secondary messanger?
Small intracellular molecule that transmits a signal from a receptor to downstream targets inside the cell
“Secondary” because the first messenger is the extracellular ligand
The secondary messenger amplifies and spreads the signal inside the cell
Note 
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