ap comp gov russia

Patrimonial State

the idea that the people are under the influence and control of their leader

Democratic Centralism

party structure where leaders were elected from below, but strict discipline used for party decisions

Vanguard Party

lenin used this to pretend to look in the interest of the general public/working class but looked in own interest

collectivization

turning citizen owned farms to state control

stagnation

lack of growth and development

glasnost

openness

Perestroika

economic reconstruction

Soft Authoritarianism

maintains the façade of democracy, such as elections, while gradually and systematically eroding democratic institutions and principles from within.

federal system

a form of government where power is constitutionally divided between a central (national) government and regional or state governments

siloviki

members of Russian military, intelligence, and security services, as well as politicians who have a background in these services

united russia

the ruling political party in Russia, known for supporting Putin's policies and dominating Russian politics since its establishment in 2001

proportional representation

electoral system where legislative seats are allocated to political parties in direct proportion to the percentage of votes they receive

semi-presidential system

executive power is split between president and prime minister

the kremlin

russian executive branch, specifically president

mixed electoral system

voting system where some legislators are elected from single-member districts and others are elected based on party lists to reflect overall vote share.

decrees

laws w/out legislative approval, can be secret, cannot be challenged in court

state council

cabinet-like group that oversees the regional governments

judicial review

the ability to rule on the constitutionality of issues

sovereign democracy

A democracy shaped and controlled by the country’s own leaders and traditions, not by outside influences.

power vertical

used by putin to describe a unified and hierarchal structure of executive power ranging from national to local level

sanctions

punishments or pressure tools used by governments to influence another country’s actions.

market reform

reducing government role in the economy

insider privatization

selling state industries to insiders or known people

oligarchs

small group of wealthy individuals who gained ownership of sectors after privatization

civil society

network of voluntary, nongovernmental groups that help people express interests, hold government accountable, and participate in public life.