Biology Locations ICSE

Stoma

minute openings in the upper epidermal layer of leaves, surrounded by two bean shaped guard cells

chloroplast

located in the periphery of the mesophyll cells of leaves, in the cytoplasm.

Heart

located in the centre between the two lungs, above the diaphragm.

Anterior vena cava

carries deoxygenated blood from the upper parts of the body into the right atrium.

posterior vena cava

carries deoxygenated blood from the lower parts of the body into the right atrium.

pulmonary artery

carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.

aorta

carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body.

coronary artery

supplies blood to the heart muscles, arising from the base of the aorta.

Right AV valve

located in the aperture between the right atrium and right ventricle.

Left AV valve

located in the aperture between the left atrium and the left ventricle.

semilunar valve

located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery and between the left ventricle and the aorta

SAN

Located in the walls of the right atrium.

AVN

located in the inter-auricular septum near the tricuspid valve.

bundle of His

arises from the AVN and extends down the inter-ventricular septum

Purkinje fibers

located in the walls of the ventricles.

Kidney

located on either side of the backbone, protected by the last two ribs.

ureter

tube which arises from the hilum in each kidney and attaches behind with the urinary bladder.

pelvis

the extension of the upper part of the ureter into the kidney.

glomerulus

lodged into the outer concavity of the bowman's capsule in the nephrons in the cortex of the kidneys.

meninges

three protective membranes that surround the brain in the cranium, as well as the spinal cord

cerebrum

largest portion of the brain located in the upper part of the cranial cavity.

corpus callosum

sheet of fibres connecting both the cerebral hemispheres.

cerebellum

located in the brain, just at the base and below the cerebrum.

medulla oblongata

lowest portion of the brain located in the base of the skull.

pons

located in the centre of the brain, under the cerebellum connecting both its hemispheres.

spinal cord

arises from the medulla of the brain and runs the entire length of the spine until the second lumbar vertebrae, inside the neural canal.

central canal

located in the centre of the spinal cord in the grey matter, running the entire length of the backbone.

eyes

located in deep orbits in the front side of the head.

tear glands

located in the upper sideward part of the orbits.

conjunctiva

thin layer covering the entire front part of the eyes. it is reduced to a single layer of transparent epithelium over the cornea.

sclera

outermost, tough fibrous white layer of the eye

cornea

transparent extension of the sclera covering the front part of the eye.

Choroid Layer

the second layer of the eye which is richly supplied with blood.

ciliary body

located at the junction of the iris and the choroid.

iris

extension of the choroid which partially covers the lens and leaves a circular opening in the centre.

pupil

circular opening in the centre of the iris.

retina

innermost layer of the eye which is sensitive to light.

fovea

located almost in the centre of the horizontal axis of the eye.

blind spot

located lateral to the fovea on the nasal side.

lens

located behind the pupil in the eye, held in position by the suspensory ligaments which attach to the ciliary body.

aqueous chamber

front chamber of the eye located between the pupil and the lens.

vitreous chamber

large cavity of the eye located behind the lens.

auditory canal

passage from the pinna to the eardrum.

ear ossicles

located in the middle ear between the eardrum and the oval window.

oval window

membranous covering which opens into the inner ear, attached to the stirrup.

cochlea

located in the inner ear.

adrenal glands

Like caps above each kidney.

thyroid gland

in front of the neck below the larynx

pancreas

located below the stomach in the right side of the abdomen, attaching to the duodenum.

pituitary gland

hangs from the mid-brain below the hypothalamus.

testes

Located inside thin walled sacs of skin called the scrotum.

seminiferous tubules

located in the lobules of the testes.

insterstitial cells

are packing tissues between the seminiferous tubules in the testes.

epididymis

small tubular knots arising from the seminiferous tubules.

sperm duct

arises from each testes and travels upwards into the abdomen, passing through the inguinal canal.

seminal vesicles

lobulated glands located between the posterior surface of the urinary bladder and the rectum.

prostate gland

bilobed structure which surrounds the urethra close to its origin from the bladder.

bulbo-urethral gland

ovoid glands which open into the urethra right before it enters the penis.

penis

muscular, cylindrical shaped gland located in front of the scrotum outside the body.

uterus

pear shaped organ located within the pelvis between the urinary bladder and the rectum.

vagina

muscular tube from the base of the uterus to the outside of a female body.