Health psychology

What is health psychology?

The study of beliefs, attitudes, and psychological processes that predict health-related behavior.

What are the three types of health-related behavior?

Health protective, health enhancing, and avoidance of health-harming behaviors.

Why is changing patient health behavior important?

To prevent disease, alter disease patterns, reduce inequalities, and improve long-term health outcomes.

What are the three main categories of health psychology theories?

Understanding health and illness, social cognition models, and behavior change frameworks.

What is the Self-Regulatory Model (Leventhal, 1992)?

A 3-stage model describing how people respond to illness: cognitive representation, action planning, and appraisal.

What are illness prototypes (Bishop, 1986)?

Preconceived ideas of symptoms used for self-diagnosis, which affect care-seeking behavior.

What is Attribution Theory (Turnquist, 1988)?

Behavior is influenced by beliefs about the causes of illness—either internal (controllable) or external (uncontrollable).

What is Health Locus of Control (Wallston, 1978)?

People believe their health is controlled internally, by powerful others, or by chance.

What is the Health Belief Model (Becker & Rosenstock, 1988)?

A model explaining behavior through perceived threat, benefits/barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy.

What is the Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen, 1991)?

Behavior is driven by intention, which is shaped by attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control.

What is the Transtheoretical Model (Prochaska & DiClemente, 1983)?

A six-stage model of change: pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and relapse.

What is the COM-B model in the Behavior Change Wheel?

Behavior is influenced by Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation.

What are the layers of the Behavior Change Wheel?

Sources of behavior (COM-B), intervention functions (9), and policy categories (7).

What is the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF)?

A framework that breaks down the COM-B model into 14 domains to explain behavior influences.

What role do pharmacists play in health promotion?

Support medication adherence, lifestyle changes, and self-care in every interaction.

What is the "Pharmacy: Delivering a Healthier Wales" initiative?

A vision to make pharmacies hubs for health, wellbeing, and prevention.

What is the Prudent Healthcare Agenda?

A Welsh Government initiative promoting sustainable, patient-centered care with shared responsibility.