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Basic Protection

This means keeping people safe from getting an electric shock when everything is working normally.

Bonding Conductor

A special wire that connects metal parts together to stop electricity from jumping and hurting people.

Circuit Protective Conductor (CPC)

A wire that joins metal parts of machines to the main earth point, so if there is a problem, the electricity safely goes into the ground.

Earth

The ground we walk on, which is used as a safe place for electricity to go when needed.

Earth Fault Current

Extra electricity that flows when there is a fault, like a wire touching a metal part, which can be dangerous.

Earth Fault Loop Impedance

How hard it is for the electricity to travel from the fault back to the earth. It’s important for checking if safety switches work properly.

Earthing Conductor

A wire that connects the main earthing point in a building to the ground to safely carry fault electricity away.

Equipotential Bonding

Connecting metal parts together so they all have the same electrical charge, which helps stop shocks.

Exposed Conductive Part

A metal part that you can touch and could become live if something goes wrong.

Extraneous Conductive Part

Metal parts not part of the electrical system, like pipes, that can bring in electricity from the ground.

Live Part

A wire or metal part that has electricity flowing through it during normal use, like a neutral wire.

Fault Protection

Extra safety steps to protect people if something goes wrong