P.RESEARCH APA STYLE 7, IN-TEXT CITATIONS

American Psychological Association (APA)

A citation style is an author-date referencing system whereby sources are briefly identified within the text of a paper.

In-Text Citation

Sources briefly identified at the point where the information is used.

1. Parenthetical

2. Narrative

Two formats for in-text citations

Parenthetical Citation

This citation includes the author name and publication date in parentheses and can appear within or at the end of a sentence.

Narrative Citation

This citation includes the author name and appears as part of the sentence and the date immediately follows in parentheses.

Parenthetical Citation

(Nichols, 2017)

Narrative Citation

Nichols (2017) argued… ; In 2017, Nichols argued…

quoting

When ______ from a source, cite the author, year of publication, and page number in the in-text citation using the parenthetical or narrative format.