Chapter 3: Organelles and Chapter 5: Microbial Metabolism

Ribosomes

Protein synthesis

Are ribosomes present in eukaryotes

Present in all

Cytoskeleton

Shape in prokaryotes, endocytosis in eukaryotes

Support

Cytoplasmic smearing

Is the cytskeleton present in eukaryotes

Present in all

Centrosome

Plays role in mitosis, cytokinesis, and flagella and cilia formation in animals cells

Are centrosomes present in eukaryotes?

Only in animal cells

Nucleus

Control center of the cell

Is a nucleus found in eukaryotes

Yes (present in all)

Golgi body

Exocytosis, secretion

Is a Golgi body seen in eukaryotes

In some

Lysosomes

Break down of nutrients, self-destruction of damaged or aged cells

In eukaryotes

Only present in some

Peroxisomes

Neutralization of toxins

Eukaryotes

Present in some

Vacuoles

Storage

Eukaryotes

Present in some

Vesicles

Storage, digestion, transport

In eukaryotes

Present in all

Mitochondria

Aerobic ATP production

In eukaryotes

Present in most

Chloroplast

photosynthesis

In eukaryotes

Present in plants and algae

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Transport within the cell, lipid synthesis

In eukaryotes

Present in all

Alternatives to glycolysis yield fewer...

Yield different

Molecules of ATP than does glycolysis

Metabolites needed in anabolic pathways

Pentose phosphate pathway (anabolism - build up)

Ribulose and ribose form glucose 6 phosphate

Cells require...

Constant source of NAD +

What provides cells with alternative source of NAD+

Fermentation pathway

Partial oxidation of sugar to release...

Energy using organic molecule as the final receptor (pyruvic acid)