Pharmacology

What anesthetic is associated with methemoglobin?

a. Epinephrine

b. Prilocaine

c. Articaine

d. Lidocaine

b. Prilocaine

Drug of choice for hair loss/ alopecia

Minoxidil

Hospitals use Succinylcholine/Suxamethonium (binds to Ach receptors; causes muscle paralysis/relaxation) for?

Laryngospasm

Drug of choice for Herpes zoster

Acyclovir

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Should start within 72 hours

Drug of choice for Trigeminal neuralgia or Tic douloureux

Carbamazepine (Tegretol)

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An anti-seizure drug

What local anesthesia is used for Trigeminal neuralgia?

Bupivacaine

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Longest-acting local anesthesia

Used when there is excruciating pain and the patient wants immediate relief. Lasts for 8-12 hours

Treatment for Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Omeprazole (protein pump inhibitor)

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Lowers gastric acid secretion

Which drug can be used for hyperacidity?

a. Anti-histamine

b. Paracetamol

c. Amoxicillin

d. Diazepam

a. Anti-histamine

Which of the following is a well-known side effect of vancomycin administration, especially if infused too rapidly?

a) Gray baby syndrome
b) Red man syndrome
c) Stevens-Johnson syndrome
d) Black hairy tongue

b) Red man syndrome

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• Red man syndrome is a histamine-mediated reaction → flushing, rash on the face, neck, and upper torso.

• It’s NOT an allergy → it’s due to rapid IV infusion.

• Slow the infusion rate and premedicate with antihistamines to prevent it.

• Vancomysin can be a treatment to Pseudomembranous collitis (antibiotic-induced disease)

Which antibiotic is the treatment of choice for syphilis?

a) Vancomycin
b) Metronidazole
c) Penicillin G
d) Ciprofloxacin

c) Penicillin G