Biology Chapter 1: The Nature of Science

What is Science and Biology and why do we care?

Science

A body of knowledge about the natural world; an evidence-based process for acquiring knowledge about the natural world.

Biology

The study of living things.

Why learn both science and biology?

To better understand the natural world you live in and the issues that affect you as an individual through general (science) and specific (biology) means.

Science’s Limits

Can: deal with the natural and physical world, be subject to peer review, be open to challenge, & self-correct.

Cannot: tell us what is morally right or wrong or address the existence of God or other supernatural beings.

Scientific Method

The practices that produce scientific knowledge.

Scientific Method Process

Observe, Hypothesize, Predict, Test, Analyze, and Conclude (Accept, reject or modify your hypothesis). Communication to peers happens alongside conclusions.

1st in the Biological Hierarchy

Atom- building block of all matter

2nd in the Biological Hierarchy

Molecule- two or more atoms held together by strong chemical bonds

3rd in the Biological Hierarchy

Cell- the basic unit of life made up of molecules

4th in the Biological Hierarchy

Tissue- a group of cells that performs a unique set of tasks in the body

5th in the Biological Hierarchy

Organ- a body part composed of different tissues functioning in a coordinated manner

6th in the Biological Hierarchy

Organ System- groups of organs networked together to perform a wide range of functions

7th in the Biological Hierarchy

Organism- where all components work as a well-knit whole

8th in the Biological Hierarchy

Population- a group of organisms of the same species living and breeding in a shared environment

9th in the Biological Hierarchy

Community- populations of different species that live and interact with one another in a particular place

10th in the Biological Hierarchy

Ecosystem- a particular physical environment and all the communities in it together

11th in the Biological Hierarchy

Biomes- large regions of the world defined by shared physical characteristics, especially climate, and a distinctive community of organisms

12th in the Biological Hierarchy

Biosphere- all biomes are part of the biosphere, all the world’s living organisms and the places where they live