Utilities 2- (group 1 and 2)

PIPE

ØA round, hollow channel used to transport liquids such as water or solid–liquid mixtures such as wastewater from one  point  to  the  next.

Pressure Pipe

delivers supply water and drains wastes.

Vent Pipe

carries waste and soil water away

COPPER TUBING

It is used  in  water  space  heating (hydronic) systems, air conditioning and refrigeration systems, sanitary drainage, and natural gas and liquid petroleum gas piping

RED BRASS PIPING

The pipe  is  threaded  for  fitting  connections, but  this  requires  thicker  walls  to accommodate  the  threading,  making installation  and  handling  more  difficult than for copper

RED BRASS PIPING

consisting  of approximately  85%  copper  and  15% zinc, is used as water supply piping

GALVANIZED STEEL PIPE

covered with a protective  coating  of  zinc  that  greatly reduces its tendency to corrode and thus extends  its  life  expectancy

GALVANIZED STEEL PIPE

It  is moderately  corrosion  resistant  and suitable  for  mildly  acid  water

GALVANIZED STEEL PIPE

It  is  not frequently  used  for  water  supply  lines today because the minerals in the water react  with  the  galvanizing  material  and form scale, which builds up over time and will eventually clog the pipe

THERMO-PLASTIC PIPE

It is used for water supply  systems  because  its  economy and ease of installation makes it popular, especially  on projects  such  as  low-cost housing  or  apartments  where  cost economy  is  important

POLYVINYL CHLORIDE (PVC)

It is a  rigid thermoplastic  pipe  generally  approved for use in pressure applications such as cold  water  supply  applications  outside the  building

COMPOSITE PIPE

It is  a  flexible  pipe material  that  is  constructed  of  an aluminum  tube  laminated  between  two layers  of  polyethylene  thermoplastic

ELBOW

used to change the direction of flow between two pipes

TEES

the most common pipe fitting, combines or divides fluid flow

COUPLINGS

is a very short length of pipe or tube, with a socket at one or both ends that allows two pipes or tubes to be joined, welded (steel), brazed or soldered (copper, brass etc.) together.

REDUCER

a component in a piping system that changes the pipe size from a larger to a smaller bore

ADAPTER

used in pipe systems to connect straight sections of pipe or tube, adapt to different sizes or shapes, and for other purposes such as regulating (or measuring) fluid flow

GLOBE VALVES

an instrument used to stop and/or control the flow of fluids in a pipeline

ANGLE VALVE

a device used to regulate the flow of fluids or gas in a piping system

CHECK VALVES

are generally installed in pipelines to prevent backflow

BALL VALVE

a shut-off valve that allows, obstructs, and controls the flow of liquids, gases, and vapors in a piping system by rotating the ball having a bore inside the valve

METERED VALVE

holds back fluid to the front brakes until enough pressure is created to overcome the return springs inside the rear drums

T/P RELIEF VALVE

is one of the most important safety devices in your home. If the temperature rises above 210 degrees Fahrenheit or the pressure exceeds 150 psi, the valve will open and relieve pressure inside the pipe.

PRESSURE-REDUCING VALVE

They automatically reduce the high incoming water pressure from the city mains to provide a lower, more functional pressure for distribution in the home

FLUSHO-METER

A valve for flushing toilets or urinals by operation of a handle that discharges a definite quantity of water under pressure directly into the fixture

SENSOR-OPERATED VALVE

instruments used to indicate the position of a valve

WATER CLOSET

is a plumbing fixture that serves  as  an  indoor  receptacle  and removal  system  for  human  waste

URINALS

are  plumbing  fixtures  that  are commonly  used  in  public  restrooms where  it  is  desirable  to  reduce  possible contamination of the water closet seats

SHOWERHEADS

is the part of a shower unit through which water is delivered

BIDET

 is a hand-held triggered nozzle, similar to that on a kitchen sink sprayer, that delivers a spray of water to assist in anal cleansing and cleaning the genitals after defecation and urination

BATHTUB

a bathroom fixture, a tub that you can fill with water for bathing

LAVATORY

is a bathroom basin or sink used for personal hygiene

KITCHEN SINKS

a sink in a kitchen, used for washing dishes and preparing food

Plumbing

is the art and science of installing pipes, fixtures and other apparatus to convey and supply water in building and to dispose and discharge wastewater and other liquids, gases, and other substances out of buildings in a safe, orderly, healthy, and sanitary way to ensure the health and sanitation of life and property

Plumber

is a title given to a person who is skilled in the field of sanitation

OBJECTIVES 1

To supply water to different parts of the building

OBJECTIVES 2

To remove and discharge human wastes and other substances out of the building into the public sewer or septic tank

Principle No. 1

Water Supply

Principle No. 2

Adequate Water Volume & Pressure required

Principle No. 3

Hot Water Required

Principle No. 4

Water Conservation

Principle No. 5

Prevention of Explosion or Overheating

Principle No. 6

Required Plumbing Fixtures

Principle No. 7

Drainage System of Adequate Size

Principle No. 8

Durable Materials and Good Workmanship

Principle No. 9

Liquid Sealed Traps Required

Principle No. 10

Protection of Trap Seals

Principle No. 11

Exhaust Sewage Gases to Outside

Principle No. 12

Test the Plumbing System

Principle No. 13

Exclude Harmful Substances from the Plumbing System

Principle No. 14

Prevent Contamination by Installing Indirect Waste

Principle No. 15

Light and Ventilation

Principle No. 16

Individual Sewage Disposal Systems

Principal No. 17

Prevent Sewer Flooding

Principle No. 18

Proper Maintenance

Principle No. 19

Fixtures Shall Be Accessible

Principle No. 20

Structural Safety

Principle No. 21

Protect Ground and Surface Water

Principle No. 22

Piping and Treatment of Hazardous Wastes

Principle No. 23

Privacy for Toilets

Principle No. 24

Drinking Fountain

Principle No. 25

Materials and Design

Mandatory Requirements for a drainage system 1

All pipe joints must be well fitted and tightly connected with each other to prevent leakage of gas and liquid.

Mandatory Requirements for a drainage system 2

The drainage pipe should be graded or inclined properly for a downward gravity flow of water towards the main sewer line or to the septic tank.

Mandatory Requirements for a drainage system 3

The drainage pipe should be provided with adequate cleanout, accessible for repair incase of stoppage.

Mandatory Requirements for a drainage system 4

The drainage system must be provided with a ventilation pipe that will convey gases to the atmosphere where it can do no harm to human health.

Mandatory Requirements for a drainage system 5

Except for the water closet, each fixture shall be provided with a suitable trap that prevents the backflow of gases.

STORM WATER

water from rain

GREY WATER

water from laundries, washbasins, sinks, showers and bathtubs

BLACK WATER

water plus human waste both solid and liquid flushed out of the toilet and urinals

Soil Pipe

any pipe which conveys the discharge of water closets, urinals, or fixtures having similar functions

Stack

a general term used for any vertical line of soil, waste, or vent piping

Soil Stack Pipe

a vertical soil pipe conveying fecal matter and liquid waste

Stack Vent

an extension of a soil or waste stack above the highest horizontal drain connected to the stack

Vent

a pipe or opening used for ensuring the circulation of air in a plumbing system and for reducing to pressure exerted on trap seals

Unit Vent

an arrangement of venting so installed that one vent pipe will serve two (2) traps

Wet Vent

that portion of a vent pipe through which liquid waste flow

Branch

any part of a piping system other than the main riser or stack

Main

the principal artery of the system to which branches may be connected

Branch Vent

a vent pipe connecting from a branch of the drainage system to a vent stack

Waste Pipe

a pipe that conveys only liquid wastes free of fecal matter

Drain

a sewer or other pipe or conduit used for conveying groundwater, surface water, wastewater, or sewage

Sewer

a pipe or conduit for carrying sewage and waste liquid

Sewage

the liquid wastes conducted away from buildings/structures, also of the stormwater

Sewerage

a comprehensive term, including all construction for collection, transportation, pumping, treatment, and final disposition of waste

Cleanout

a sleeve, calked or otherwise, joined to an opening in a pipe, into which a plug is screwed that can be removed for the purpose of cleaning or examining the interior of the pipe

Trap

a fitting or device so constructed as to prevent the passage of air, gas, and some vermin through a pipe without materially affecting the flow of sewage or wastewater through it

House Drain

that part of the lowest horizontal piping of a plumbing system that receives the discharge from soil, waste, and other drainage pipes inside of a building and conveys it to the house sewer

House Sewer

the house sewer is that part of a plumbing system extending from a point about four (4) or five (5) feet from the inner face of the foundation wall of a building to the junction with another sewer

House Trap

a trap connected to the lowest horizontal piping or the House Drain

Relief Vent

a vent which primary function is to provide circulation of air between drainage and vent system

Public Sewer

a common sewer directly controlled by the public authority to which all abutters have equal rights of connection

Siphonage

a suction caused by the flow of liquids in pipes

Spigot

the end of a pipe that fits into a bell. Also, a word synonymously with faucet

Seal

the vertical distance between the dip and the crown wire of a trap

Roughing-in

the installation of all pipes in the plumbing system that is in partitions and under floors

Finishing

the setting of fixtures

Sump

a pit or receptable at a low point to which the liquid wastes are drained

Sleeve

a sheet metal placed when concrete is poured to accommodate future plumbing pipes

Pipe Chase

an opening or space to accommodate a group of pipes