Adeline S2 Geo - Unit 1 - global energy production and consumption

What essential input do many of our daily activities require?

Energy.

What are energy resources defined as?

Natural resources that can produce energy.

How many major types are energy resources classified into?

Two major types.

What is a key characteristic of the supply of non-renewable energy resources?

Limited in supply.

What time frame describes when non-renewable resources cannot be replenished?

Within a short period of time.

What will eventually happen to non-renewable energy resources?

They will be used up one day.

Give an example of a fossil fuel that is a non-renewable resource.

Coal.

Name the non-renewable resource that is a fossil fuel other than coal and oil.

Natural gas.

Name the fuel used to produce nuclear power.

Uranium.

How did the formation of fossil fuels begin millions of years ago?

Plants and animals died and fell to the bottom of swamps and oceans.

What covered these remains over time?

Layers of soil and mud.

What two forces turned the ancient remains into fossil fuels?

High temperature and pressure.

What kind of plants and animals formed oil and natural gas?

Marine plants and animals buried under the sea.

What is coal formed from?

The remains of land plants.

What do people build today to extract oil?

Oil wells.

What do people build today to extract coal?

Coal mines.

What describes the supply of renewable energy resources?

Unlimited in supply.

Renewable resources have the ability to be what?

Continuously replenished.

What type of energy is produced from air movements?

Wind power.

What is Hydro-electric power (HEP) generated from?

The fall of water.

What produces solar energy?

Solar radiation.

What generates Geothermal power?

The heat within the Earth.

What is Biomass energy produced from?

Organic matters.

Tidal power is produced from what type of physical actions?

Tidal movements.

Renewable energy is considered what kind of development?

Sustainable.

How serious is the environmental pollution caused by renewable energy resources?

Mild.

How serious is the environmental pollution caused by non-renewable resources?

Serious.

Why does mining for non-renewable resources lead to serious soil erosion?

Vegetation is removed.

What substances are released in large amounts when fossil fuels are burned?

Greenhouse gases.

The release of greenhouse gases leads to which major environmental issue?

Global warming.

Why do renewable energy resources avoid causing soil erosion or land degradation?

Mining activities are not involved.

Which renewable energy source is the exception and emits greenhouse gases indirectly?

Biomass energy.

Which two types of renewable power produce the least amount of greenhouse gases?

Hydro-electric power and wind power.

What word describes the locational requirement for non-renewable resources?

Less.

What word describes the locational requirement for renewable resources?

More.

Where must Hydro-electric power (HEP) plants be built?

In the upper or middle course of rivers.

What is a characteristic of electricity output from non-renewable sources?

Higher output and more stable.

Why is the operation of a non-renewable power plant stable?

Not affected by weather conditions.

What is a characteristic of electricity output from renewable sources?

Lower output and less stable.

Name one weather condition that affects the generation of renewable electricity.

Rainfall (or Sunshine or Wind speed).

How does the development cost of non-renewable energy compare to renewable energy?

Lower.

Why is the cost of generating power from fossil fuels often low?

Prices of fossil fuels, especially coal, are affordable.

Why is the development cost of non-renewable resources lower?

The technologies for extraction and power generation are well-established.

Why is the development cost of renewable energy higher?

More resources are needed for research and development.

How has the global trend for energy production changed over the past few decades?

A steady increase.

Globally, has the amount of energy produced been higher or lower than the amount consumed?

Slightly higher.

Globally, has the energy supply been able or unable to meet our energy demand?

Able.

At what level is energy production and consumption uneven?

The national level.

What type of countries generally consume more energy than they produce?

More developed countries (MDCs).

What term describes MDCs because they consume more energy than they produce?

Net energy consumers.

What term describes some less developed countries (LDCs) because they produce more energy than they consume?

Net energy producers.

Name the major energy resources used in MDCs.

Fossil fuels.

Which newly industrialised country (NIC) has seen its energy consumption rise sharply?

China (or India).

NICs have recently become what in terms of energy usage?

Energy consumers.

Which group of countries generally has a higher energy consumption per capita?

MDCs.

What location has the richest reserves of oil and natural gas globally?

The Middle East.

What is the first major reason why countries with a higher level of development consume more energy?

High level of industrialisation.

What factor relates to a large urban population needing energy for transport and lighting?

High level of urbanisation.

What factor related to income causes people in MDCs to afford more appliances and trips?

High standard of living.