Key Topics in Lecture 6

Human Development Index (HDI)

A composite measure of human development reflecting achievements in health, education, and standard of living.

Education Index (EI)

A measure combining the average years of schooling for adults and the expected years of schooling for children.

Mean Years of Schooling Index (MYSI)

The average years of schooling for adults.

Expected Years of Schooling Index (EYSI)

The expected years of schooling for children.

Gender Equality

Equal access to resources, opportunities, and rights for all genders.

Gender Inequality Index (GII)

A composite measure using dimensions of reproductive health, empowerment, and labor market participation.

Current Global Water Crisis (2022)

2.2 billion people lacked safely managed drinking water and 3.5 billion lacked safely managed sanitation.

WASH Performance Index

A comparison of country performance on water access and sanitation access.

WASH Needs Index

Scores countries from 0 to 1 to prioritize them for WASH programming.

Decent Work

Fair income, productive employment, workplace security, and social protection.

Economic Growth

The increase in an economy's capacity to produce goods and services, traditionally measured by GNP and GDP.

Steps to Improve Water Access

Investments in infrastructure and sanitation facilities, protection of water-related ecosystems, and hygiene education campaigns.

Global Energy Access (2015-2021)

Global access to electricity rose to 90%, but 675 million people still lacked electricity in 2021.

Actions Required for Clean Energy

Invest in renewable sources, accelerate electrification, expand energy infrastructure, and develop enabling policies.

Key Gender Gap Closing Projections

300 years to end child marriage, 286 years to close legal protection gaps, 140 years for corporate leadership equality, and 47 years for parliamentary equality.

Geometric Mean

A statistical measure used to calculate HDI by combining normalized indices.