Studied by 10 people
genetics
the study of heredity
heredity
process where a parent passes certain genes to their offspring
“the father of modern genetics”
gregor mendel
genes
material part of DNA
gentotype
genetic makeup of an organism
phenotype
appearance of an organism based on genotype
alleles
alternate form of a gene
dominant alleles
show their effect with only one copy (BB or Bb)
recessive alleles
show their effect with two copies (bb)
homozygous dominant
carries two copies of the same dominant (BB); pure trait
homozygous recessive
carries two copies of the same recessive allele (bb)
heterozygous
carries two different alleles (Bb)
gamete
same as genotype
why pea plants?
traits follow a specific pattern
P generation
parental generation
F1 generation
first generation (crossing of parents)
F2 generation
second generation (crossing of first generation)
7 traits Mendel used to study pea plants
height, seed shape, seed color, seed coat color, pod shape, pod color, flower position
monohybrid cross
crossing with only one trait
dihybrid cross
crossing with two different traits
what was the pea plant experiment?
cross-pollinated pea plants to make discoveries on how traits are inherited between generations
hybrid
a mix between two parents
trait
characteristics of an individual
reginald punnet
created the punnet square
Note
Flashcard