Medications NPTE

Spironolactone

potassium sparing diuretic

Lisionpril

ACE Inhibitor

Lopressor

Beta Blocker, Beta-1 Selective

Hypertension medication

Baclofen

CNS acting muscle relaxant

Side Effects: Drowsiness, dizziness, weakness

Fentanyl

Opioid Analgesic

Side Effects: Bradycardia, Respiratory Depression, Low BP

Aspirin

NSAID

Makes platelets less "sticky"

Side Effects: Bloody/tarry stools, nausea/vomiting, peptic ulcers

Should not be used after acute athletic injury or trauma since it prolongs clotting.

Can displace warfarin from protein-binding sites and may increase anticoagulation

methyl-prednisolone (Medrol)

Corticosteroid

Indications:

Inflammation

Allergies

Chronic Illness (flare-ups)

Side Effects:

Mood changes

Visual Changes

Rapid Weight Gain

Methotrexate (Folex, Trexall)

DMARD

Indications:

Cancer

Auto-Immune Conditions

Side Effects:

Mouth Sores

Anemia

Bloody or Tarry Stools

Furosemide (Lasix)

Diuretics

Indications:

Swelling

CHF

Liver or kidney Disease

Hypertension

Side Effects:

Tinnitus

Jaundice

Severe Pain in Upper Stomach

Metroprolol (Lopressor)

Beta Blocker

Indications:

Chest pain

Hypertension

CHF

Arrhythmia

Side Effects:

Dizziness

Depression

Dry Mouth

Enalapril (Vasotec)

ACE Inhibitor

Indications:

Hypertension

CHF

Side Effects:

Dry cough

Swelling

Confusion

Tachycardia

Diltiazem (Cardizem)

Calcium Channel Blocker

Indications:

Hypertension

Chest Pain

Arrhythmia

Side Effects

Drowsiness

Dizziness

Mood changes

SOB

Swelling

Digitalis/Digoxin (Lanoxen/Digox)

Cardiac Glycosides

Increases force contraction of cardiac .m without increasing O2 demandx

Indications

CHF

Side Effects

Bradycardia

Bloody/tarry stools

Halos

Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

Non-Opioid Narcotic

Not an anti-inflammatory

Liver damage with large doses!

Sprionolactone (Aldactone)

potassium sparing diuretic

Concerned about Hyperkalemia (wide QRS and huge T wave)

Ventolin

Albuterol

Bronchodilator

Proventil

Selective Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonist

Albuterol

Bronchodilator

Atropine

Anticholinergic

Anti-Parasympathetic

Used with an IV for heart block or bradycardia

Norpace

Antiarrhythmic

Lidocaine

Antiarrhythmic

Metoprolol (Lopressor)

Beta Blocker-olol

Treat angina, HTN, prevent and treat heart attack

Lopressor

Aka Metoprolol

Beta Adrenergic Blocking Agent

Amlodipine

calcium channel blocker

Blocks Ca influx into vascular smooth muscle and cardiac cells -> vasodilation and less contractility

Atorvastatin (lipitor)

Statin medication

Reduces blood cholesterol by reducing production of cholesterol by the liver

Digitalis

Inotrope/Glycosides

Opposite of anti-cholinergic drugs

Slows HR and contractility

Treatment of acute decompensated HF

Nitroglycerin

nitrate drug used in the treatment of angina

Congestive Heart Failure Treatment

Imipramine (Tofranil)

tricyclic antidepressant

Increase the risk of falls due to sedation and hyponatremia.

HYPONATREMIA IS AN INDEPENDENT RISK FACTOR FOR FALLS

Haldol

Antipsychotic

Increases risk of falls due to dizziness, lightheadedness, drowsiness, and impaired motor function.

Catapres

Alpha 2 Adrenergic Blocker

Stimulate A2 Receptors in brainstem -> Decrease sympathetic NS signals

Decreased HR

Decreased Peripheral Resistance

Prazosin (Minpress)

BPH Med and HTN drug

Alpha 1 Blocker

Blocks A1 receptors in smooth muscle allowing vasodilation.

Side Effects:

Syncope

Headache

Palpitations

Nitrates

Must be taken in sitting (when sublingual)

Cause peripheral vasodilation -> blood pools in extremities and decreases workload of the heart.

Used to reduce angina.

Naproxen

Aleve

NSAID

Aleve

Naproxen

NSAID

Eloquis

Anticoagulant

Places patient at risk of bleeds as a result of trauma

What medication for asthma will relieve acute bronchospasm?

Ventolin

Advair

Combination of glucocorticoids and a LONG acting beta 2 agonist

Ventolin (Albuterol) is a short-acting beta 2 agonist

Temperature Precautions with Antipsychotics and Antidepressants

AVOID OVERHEATING

Apixaban (Eliquis)

Anticoagulant

Norvasc (amlodipine)

calcium channel blocker

What three groups should not receive beta blockers?

COPD

Some types of Angina

Diabetes