medterms exam 3

alveol/o

alveolus

anthrac/o

coal

atel/o

incomplete

bronch/o

bronchus 

bronchi/o

bronchus

bronchiol/o

bronchiole 

coni/o

dust

cortic/o

outer layer

cyan/o

blue

cyst/o

cyst, bladder

diaphragmat/o

diaphragm

epiglott/o

epiglottis

fibr/o

fibers

hal/o

to breathe 

lob/o

lobe 

muc/o

mucus

myc/o

fungus

ox/i

oxygen

ox/o

oxygen 

pharyng/o

pharynx (throat)

pleur/o

pleura

pneum/o

air

pneumon/o

lung 

sinus/o

sinus

somn/o

sleep

spir/o

breathing

trache/o

trachea (windpipe)

tuss/o

cough

-capnia 

carbon dioxide 

-centesis

puncture to withdraw fluid

-emia

blood condition

-osmia

smell

-phonia

voice

-phylaxis

protection

-pnea

breathing

-ptysis

spitting

-thorax

chest

branch of medicine involving the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and conditions of internal organs; including the respiratory system; physician is an internist

internal medicine

branch of medicine involving the conditions and diseases of the ear, nose, and throat; physician is an otorhinolaryngologist

otorthinolaryngology (ENT)

involved in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the respiratory system; physician is a pulmonologist 

pulmonology 

allied health specialty that assists patients with respiratory and cardiopulmonary disorders

respiratory therapy

diagnosis and treatment of conditions of diseases of the respiratory system by surgical means

thoracic surgery

lack of the sense of smell

anosmia

inability to obtain oxygen from inhaled air

anoxia

inability to produce sound

aphonia

not breathing (sleep apnea)

apnea

lack of oxygen; can lead to unconsciousness and death; suffocation 

asphyxia 

withdrawing fluid using suction; also, inhaling food or liquid into the trachea

aspiration

breathing too slowly; low respiratory rate

bradypnea

dilated bronchi

bronchiectasis

involuntary contraction of smooth muscle in bronchial walls

bronchospasm

abnormal breathing pattern with long periods of apnea followed by deep and rapid breathing 

cheyne- stokes respiration

abnormal widening and thickening of fingers and toes due to chronic oxygen deficiency

clubbing

abnormal crackling sound during inspiration; indicates fluid or mucus in airway; also called rales 

crackles 

blue skin caused by low oxygen in blood

cyanosis

difficulty producing sound of producing abnormal sound

dysphonia

difficult or labored breathing

dyspnea

a nosebleed

epistaxis

normal breathing and respiratory rate

eupnea

coughing up blood or blood- stained sputum

hemoptysis

the presence of blood in the chest cavity

hemothorax

excessive carbon dioxide in the body

hypercapnia

taking deep breaths

hyperpnea

breathing too fast and too deep

hyperventilation

insufficient levels of carbon dioxide in the blood

hypocapnia

taking shallow breaths

hypopnea

breathing too slow and too shallow

hypoventilation

having insufficient oxygen in the bloodstream

hypoxemia

receiving an insufficient amount of oxygen from inhaled air 

hypoxia 

paralysis of the muscles controlling the larynx

laryngoplegia

difficulty breathing, made worse by lying flat; patient breathes better sitting up 

orthopnea 

inflammation of all the paranasal sinuses

pansinusitis

open or unblocked

patent

thick mucus secreted by the respiratory membranes

phlegm

grating sound made when the layers of the pleura rub together during respiration 

pleural rub 

pleural pain

pleurodynia

presence of pus in the chest cavity; indicative of bacterial infection

pyothorax

inflammation of the nasal cavity

rhinitis

rapid flow of blood from the nose 

rhinorrhagia 

fluid discharge from the nose; runny nose

rhinorrhea

musical sound during expiration; caused by bronchial tube spasms

rhonchi

indicates that a patient is having difficulty breathing; also called dyspnea

shortness of breath (SOB)

phlegm coughed up from respiratory tract

sputum

harsh, high- pitches breathing sound; indicates obstruction in the airway

stridor

breathing fast; high respiratory rate

tachypnea

chest pain; not angina pectoris

thoracalgia

narrowing of the trachea

tracheostenosis

acute respiratory condition in children; characterized by barking type of cough

croup

bacterial infection characterized by formation of thick membranous film across throat and high mortality rate 

diphtheria 

inflammation of the larynx

laryngitis

inflammation of the nose and pharynx; usually called the common cold

naso- pharyngitis

bacterial infection of upper respiratory system; characterized by whooping cough 

pertussis 

inflammation of the pharynx; commonly called a sore throat

pharyngitis

fungal infection of the nasal cavity

rhinomycosis

difficulty breathing caused by bronchospasms, dypnea, coughing, and wheezing

asthma

enlarged bronchi, often due to infection; can cause destruction of bronchial wall

bronchiectasis

inflammation of a bronchus

bronchitis

cancerous tumor originating in bronchi

bronchogenic carcinoma

acute respiratory failure; characterized by tachypnea, dyspnea, cyanosis, and hypoxemia

adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

type of pneumoconiosis; collection of coal dust in the lungs; alsoo called black lung or miner’s lung 

anthracosis