Human rights

Human Rights

A right that belongs to every human, including freedoms such as speech, religion, and equality.

Montgomery Bus Boycott

A protest from 1955-1956 where African Americans refused to ride city buses to oppose segregated seating.

Birmingham Campaign

A 1963 movement aimed to end segregation in Birmingham, Alabama through protests and boycotts.

Selma March

A march in 1965 to secure voting rights for African Americans, leading to the Voting Rights Act.

Afro-Americans' views on equal rights

Many Afro-Americans believe they do not have equal rights and justice compared to other races.

Human Trafficking

Exploitation of humans against their will for various forms of forced labor or sex.

Emancipation Proclamation

An 1863 document by Abraham Lincoln that abolished slavery in the United States.

Brown v. Board of Education

A 1954 Supreme Court case that ruled racial segregation in public schools is unconstitutional.

Separate but Equal

A legal doctrine that enforced segregation but claimed to provide equal services to both races.

NAACP

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, formed to fight discrimination against African Americans.

Jim Crow Laws

Laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States.

Black Lives Matter

A movement founded in 2013 to advocate for the rights and justice of black individuals.

Amnesty International

An organization that campaigns to end human rights abuses globally.

Prisoners of conscience

Individuals imprisoned for holding beliefs that are not accepted or tolerated by the state.

Desegregation

The ending of racial segregation, allowing different races to coexist in the same spaces.

Integration

The process of different racial groups coming together in society after desegregation.

Abraham Lincoln

16th President of the United States, famous for issuing the Emancipation Proclamation (abolishing slavery) and leading the Union to victory in the Civil War

Martin Luther King Jr.

A social activist who lead the Civil Rights Movement, protesting against the heavy racial discrimination towards Blacks

Bull Connor

Served as Commissioner of Public Safety in Birmingham, Alabama, and was a strong opponent of the Civil Rights Movement, using his authority to maintain segregation.

George Floyd

An African-American man who was murdered by a police officer during an arrest. This led to several protests in a movement named "Black Lives Matter"

Ahmaud Arbery

A 23-year-old Black man who was murdered during a racially motivated hate crime while jogging. His death sparked nationwide protests against racial injustice.

American Civil War (1861-1865)

A war between the Union (United States) and the Confederacy (Southern states) mainly over slavery. The Union's victory led to the abolition of slavery.

Central High School, Little Rock (1957)

On September 4, 1957, nine African American students were blocked from entering Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, by Governor Orval Faubus but later gained entry with federal troop protection.

March on Washington

A significant event held on August 28, 1963, where over 250,000 people gathered in Washington, D.C. to advocate for civil and economic rights for African Americans. This event is most famous for Martin Luther King Jr.'s 'I Have a Dream' speech, which called for an end to racism and for civil and economic rights.

United Nations Declaration on Human Rights

The United Nations Declaration on Human Rights is an international document adopted by the United Nations General Assembly that enshrines the rights and freedom of all human beings.

Separate but Equal

Separate but Equal means blacks and whites are segregated but receive equal protection from the government.