APUSH Unit 2: chapter 4

1607-1754

Indentured servants

People who voluntarily gave their physical labor to Chesapeake masters in exchange for “freedom dues” (corn clothes land) and a transatlantic passage from England to America

headright system

This system gave masters who payed for the passage of indentured servants the right to acquire fifty acres of land. Many of them soon turned their investment of servants into real estate properties.

Middle passage

The transatlantic journey by sea that brought Africans into slavery in the New World. This was the “middle” leg of the journey from Europe, to Africa, and then the Americas. They traveled in awful conditions where death rates were high.

Slave codes

Codes that stated African slaves and their children were property of their white masters for life. They also included other laws that depended on the colony such as teaching slaves how to read and write.

Half-Way Covenant

Established in the Puritan church, this covenant allowed member’s children and other people to be partially admitted to the church during a low period of conversions in New England. This slowly shifted the strict religious acceptance into allowing everyone in favor of gaining new members.

Jeremiad

A new form of sermon in Puritanism named after the Old Testament prophet Jeremiah that scolded church-goers who didn’t keep their steady devotion. It also regarded the original Puritan settlers as being the most holy.

Stratification

Classifying something into distant groups/ranks. Socially, this typically refers to the different ranks of society that usually depend on things like wealth and status.

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The Salem witch trials is an event connected to stratification because many of the people who were accused of witchcraft, and later killed, came from rich families while the accusers came from poor farmlands. Shows the tensions building up between the diff social classes.

Stono rebellion

More than 50 slaves in SC marched along the Stono River in 1739 and tried to enter Spanish Florida where they were stopped by a local militia.

This revolt still doesn’t compare to some of the servant revolts such as Bacon’s Rebellion