Unit 4: Chapter 6 Multiple Choice Questions

(Power) Psyc344: Group Dynamics

What is power defined as?

A) The ability to control people’s actions.

B) The capacity to affect the outcomes of oneself, others, and the environment.

C) The ability to dominate others.

D) The control over resources.

B

What is a direct use of power?

A) Through group norms and traditions.

B) By setting goals and deadlines.

C) In interpersonal and intergroup interaction.

D) Through distributing resources.

C

Which of the following is an example of using power constructively?

A) A CEO promoting ethical business practices.

B) A lawyer using power to manipulate clients.

C) A teacher forcing students to follow orders.

D) A popular social media influencer spreading misinformation.

A

4. Which of the following describes power that is indirect?

   A) A teacher giving orders to students.

   B) A group leader making decisions in a meeting.

   C) Through group norms, values, and traditions.

   D) A CEO directing employees to meet quotas.

C

High power individuals include:

A) A teacher with little influence.

B) A group member with no skills.

C) A CEO, star athlete, or respected teacher.

D) A random person with no influence.

C

6. How can a student use power constructively in a group?

   A) By dominating the conversation.

   B) By using their public speaking skills to lead presentations.

   C) By avoiding conflict and not contributing.

   D) By discouraging others from participating.

B

Which perspective on power suggests it is always changing based on mutual goals?

A) Trait factor perspective.

B) Dynamic-interdependence perspective.

C) Coercive power perspective.

D) Authoritarian perspective.

B

What is the trait factor perspective on power?

A) Power changes based on group goals.

B) Power is an inherent trait to exert over others.

C) Power is always shared.

D) Power is based on cooperative relationships.

B

In a class group, power shifts when:

A) The loudest member keeps power the whole time.

B) The most confident member maintains control.

C) The member with the most skill in a task gains power.

D) The member who speaks the least gets power.

C

Which of the following describes constructive use of power?

A) Increases group effectiveness and benefits all members.

B) Benefits only the person with power.

C) Coerces others into compliance.

D) Forces others to act against their will.

A

In a cooperative context, power is:

A) Fixed and limited.

B) Expandable and shared.

C) Zero-sum.

D) Inherently coercive.

B

What is a key characteristic of power in a competitive context?

A) Power is shared among members.

B) Power is used to influence others without their consent.

C) Power benefits the group as a whole.

D) Power is exercised in a non-coercive manner.

B

Power that is based on a fixed-pie or zero-sum view sees power as:

A) Expandable and unlimited.

B) Shared among all members.

C) A commodity to be accumulated.

D) Largely ignored.

C

Which of the following is a base of power according to social exchange theory?

A) The ability to make rational arguments.

B) The control of valuable resources.

C) The ability to coerce others.

D) The amount of social status.

B

What does reward power entail?

A) The ability to deliver negative consequences.

B) The ability to deliver positive consequences and remove negative ones.

C) The ability to control important information.

D) The ability to influence through fear.

B

Which type of power involves delivering negative consequences?

A) Reward power.

B) Coercive power.

C) Informational power.

D) Expert power.

B

Legitimate power is based on:

A) A person’s ability to control resources.

B) Their social role or position in society.

C) Their ability to persuade others.

D) Their expertise in a subject.

B

What does referent power involve?

A) The ability to control resources.

B) The ability to influence based on admiration or identification.

C) The ability to manipulate people.

D) The ability to punish others.

B

Expert power is based on:

A) Having general social influence.

B) Being recognized as a leader in a specific domain.

C) Holding a high-status role.

D) Having information to share.

B

Informational power involves:

A) A person’s ability to reward or punish.

B) Having valuable, useful information.

C) A person’s public image.

D) Being in a powerful social role.

B

Groups are more effective at solving problems when:

A) Power is unequally distributed.

B) Power is shared and based on competence.

C) One person holds all the power.

D) Power is coercive.

B

High-power members are more likely to:

A) Build cooperation and compromise.

B) Use their power to benefit others.

C) Keep the status quo and reject change.

D) Be highly receptive to feedback.

C

What is the metamorphic effect of high power?

A) Increased cooperation.

B) Use of power for personal gain at the expense of others.

C) Humility and empathy for others.

D) A reduced sense of entitlement.

B

Power and status are:

A) Always closely linked.

B) Separate concepts.

C) Both based on dominance.

D) Interchangeable.

B

High-status individuals with low power may:

A) Feel rewarded and satisfied.

B) Feel under-rewarded and try to gain more.

C) Use their power to dominate others.

D) Avoid attempting to change the status quo.

B

Power stereotyping theory suggests that high-power individuals:

A) Are more likely to stereotype those with less power.

B) Recognize the value of subordinates.

C) Ignore status differences.

D) Avoid making decisions for others.

A

Oppression is most likely to occur when:

A) Low-power individuals cooperate with high-power individuals.

B) High-power individuals dominate and institutionalize their power.

C) Power is equally distributed.

D) Power is shared equally.

B

A strategy high-power individuals may use to justify their status is:

A) Cooperating with low-power members.

B) Devaluing low-power individuals and their contributions.

C) Encouraging a change in the power structure.

D) Giving up some power.

B

Low-power group members may try to change the status quo by:

A) Embracing the current power structure.

B) Building coalitions and educating others.

C) Supporting high-power members.

D) Remaining passive.

B

What is a common effect of chronic low power?

A) Increased resistance to authority.

B) A tendency to become more accepting of unfairness and brutality.

C) A stronger ability to change the power structure.

D) A growing sense of entitlement.

B

What strategy is commonly used by low-power individuals to resist high-power members?

A) Attributing successes to their own efforts.

B) Complying with all demands.

C) Avoiding conflict at all costs.

D) Granting power to high-status individuals.

A

Conforming to group norms is a type of:

A) Direct use of power.

B) Indirect use of power.

C) Coercive strategy.

D) Leadership tactic.

B

The pressure to conform to group norms can result in:

A) Increased individual creativity.

B) A feeling of freedom to act independently.

C) Banishment for nonconformity.

D) Disregard for group objectives.

C

The "group mind" theory suggests that:

A) Individuals always act rationally within a group.

B) Groups act more rationally than individuals.

C) Groups can lead to spontaneous and extreme behavior.

D) Groups always act in a cooperative manner.

C

Deindividuation can occur when:

A) Individuals feel more responsible for their actions.

B) People experience a sense of anonymity and reduced responsibility.

C) Members feel highly self-aware.

D) Individuals are clearly identifiable in a group.

B

An example of deindividuation would be:

A) Someone acting responsibly in a small group.

B) A group member following established norms.

C) An individual performing extreme behaviors in a crowd.

D) A person avoiding any group activity.

C

Contagion theory suggests that:

A) Group members will always act rationally.

B) Emotional states spread rapidly among group members.

C) Group members will resist conformity.

D) Groups function better without emotional influence.

B

Emergent norm theory proposes that:

A) Groups always have a set of pre-established norms.

B) Norms arise spontaneously in the moment.

C) Norms are always resisted by group members.

D) Group members act impulsively but never conform.

B

The main characteristic of collective behavior is:

A) Rational decision-making.

B) Spontaneous and extreme actions.

C) Complete adherence to established rules.

D) Controlled group behavior.

B

When individuals are in a state of deindividuation, they often experience:

A) Increased self-awareness.

B) A sense of personal responsibility.

C) Extreme emotions and distorted perceptions.

D) Heightened rational thinking.

C

Which of the following is not a condition of deindividuation?

A) Anonymity.

B) Lack of personal responsibility.

C) Arousal.

D) Increased self-control.

D

What is the effect of the "group mind"?

A) Group members always behave rationally.

B) Group members lose individuality and act impulsively.

C) Groups maintain a sense of self-awareness.

D) Group behavior is controlled and planned.

B

Which is a characteristic of emergent norm theory?

A) Group norms are always predetermined.

B) Norms are created in the moment based on group behaviors.

C) Members resist adopting any norms.

D) Norms are ignored altogether in the group.

B

In collective behavior, the group acts in:

A) A controlled manner.

B) A spontaneous and often irrational way.

C) A rational, planned manner.

D) A highly organized fashion.

B

An example of deindividuation would be:

A) A group acting calmly and rationally.

B) A person performing antisocial acts in a crowd.

C) A person behaving responsibly in a large group.

D) A group member maintaining clear personal responsibility.

B