Arthrology and Biomechanics II

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts from the lecture on Arthrology and Biomechanics II, focusing on the structures and functions of joints.

Arthrology

The scientific study of joints and articulations.

Articulation

The site where rigid elements of the skeleton meet.

Osteokinematics

Movement between bony segments relative to the three cardinal planes.

Arthrokinematics

Motion of articular surfaces relative to one another.

Joint Congruency

The degree of fit between articulating surfaces.

Fibrous Joints

Joints connected by fibrous tissue without a joint cavity.

Cartilaginous Joints

Joints where bone ends are united by cartilage.

Synovial Joints

Joints that have a joint cavity and are the most movable.

Synarthroses

Immovable joints.

Amphiarthroses

Slightly movable joints.

Diarthroses

Freely movable joints.

Concave-Convex Rule

A principle that describes how concave joint surfaces move in the same direction as the bone movement.

Close-Packed Position

The position where joint surfaces are in maximal contact and capsule and ligaments are maximally stretched.

Loose-Packed Position

The position where articulating surfaces are maximally separated and the joint capsule is relaxed.

Roll

A series of points on one articulating surface comes into contact with a series of points on another surface.

Slide (Glide)

Specific point on one surface contacts a series of points on another surface.

Compression

Decrease in space between two joint surfaces, contributing to joint stability.

Distraction

Two surfaces are pulled apart, often used in joint mobilizations.

Accessory Movements

Movements within the joint and surrounding tissues necessary for normal range of motion.