Quranic phrases - demand for proof and logical analysis

“Say, ‘Bring forth your own proof

قُل هاتو بُرهَنَكم

2.111

And if you are in doubt about what We have sent down upon Our

Worshipper, then produce a Surat the like thereof.

‫وَإِن كُنتُمۡ فِی رَیۡبࣲ مِّمَّا نَزَّلۡنَا عَلَىٰ عَبۡدِنَا فَأۡتُوا۟ بِسُورَةࣲ مِّن مِّثۡلِهِۦ

Al-Baqarah, Verse 23

Or have they taken gods besides Him? Say, ‘Bring your proof.’”

‫أَمِ ٱتَّخَذُوا۟ مِن دُونِهِۦۤ ءَالِهَةࣰۖ قُلۡ هَاتُوا۟ بُرۡهَـٰنَكُمۡۖ

21.24

They said, ‘Exalted are You; we have no knowledge except what You have

taught us.’”

قالو سبحنك لا علم لنا إلا ما علمتنا

2.32

Vie in virtue

فاستبقو اخيرٰت

2.148

And when it is said to them, ‘Follow what Allah has revealed,’ they say,

‘Rather, we will follow that which we found our fathers doing.’”

‫وَإِذَا قِیلَ لَهُمُ ٱتَّبِعُوا۟ مَاۤ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ قَالُوا۟ بَلۡ نَتَّبِعُ مَاۤ أَلۡفَیۡنَا عَلَیۡهِ ءَابَاۤءَنَاۤ

Al-Baqarah, Verse 170

And do not follow blindly what you do not know to be true.”

ولا تقف ما ليسَ لك بِهِ علم

17.36

Ears, eyes, and heart; you will be questioned about all these.

ان السع والبصر والفُوءاد كل أولئك كان عنهُ مسؤلا

17.36

Do not say ignorantly: ‘This is lawful and that is unlawful’”

ولا تقُولواْ لِما تصف ألسنتُكُمُ الكذب هذا حَلَٰلٌ وهذا حرام

16.116

So if you are in doubt about what We have revealed to you, then ask those

who have been reading the Scripture before you.

‫فَإِن كُنتَ فِی شَكࣲّ مِّمَّاۤ أَنزَلۡنَاۤ إِلَیۡكَ فَسۡـَٔلِ ٱلَّذِینَ یَقۡرَءُونَ ٱلۡكِتَـٰبَ

Yūnus, Verse 94

proof/ material evidence

بُرهَنَكم