Age of Exploration and European Imperialism

Flashcards covering key terms and concepts related to the Age of Exploration, European imperialism, and social hierarchies that emerged during this period.

Age of Exploration

A period from the early 15th century to the 17th century when European powers explored and colonized parts of the world.

Gunpowder empires

Empires that expanded their territories through the use of gunpowder technology, such as the Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal empires.

Trading post empire

An empire focused on establishing trading posts rather than large territorial conquests; notably established by the Portuguese.

Misa system

A labor system instituted by the Inca Empire, which required indigenous people to work in mines or produce goods.

Chattel slavery

A form of slavery where enslaved people are treated as personal property that can be bought and sold.

Casta system

A racial and social hierarchy in colonial Latin America that categorized people based on their ethnicity and heritage.

Mercantilism

An economic theory that emphasizes the importance of capital accumulation and government regulation of the economy, prevalent in European colonialism.

Bourgeoisie

The middle class in Europe that gained power and influence during the rise of capitalism and industrialization.

Syncretism

The blending of different beliefs, practices, or cultures, often seen in regions like the Swahili coast as cultures collided.

Resistance to colonization

Actions taken by indigenous populations against colonial powers, often including revolts and uprisings.