Exam 3 - Psych Health

4 kcals/gram

carbohydrates and protein

Optimistic Bias

Anaerobic Exercise

exercise not requiring oxygen; short intense, speed

Yo - Yo Dieting

weight loss then gain weight, continued cycle

Body Mass Index

kg/m² - a measure of body density relative to height

Range of Motion

extent to which a joint can exceed

Stroke

blood flow to the brain is blocked

Bile Salts

break down fats; stored in gall ladder but made in liver; occurs in the small intestine

Estrogen

female sex hormone

Isotonic Exercise

contraction of muscles/joints against weight; free weights, building muscle

HDLs

physical activity increases HDLs

LDLs

physical activity decreases LDLs

Esophagus

tubr from oral cavity to the stomach

Spot Reduction

decreasing the fat at a specific location; not very applicable

Hydrochloric Acid

Quality of Life (CQOL)

an individual's perception of their overall well-being, encompassing both physical and mental aspects

Breast & Colon cancer

Pepsin

gastric secretions (highly acidic); breakdown of protein

Metabolic Rate

how fast the body breaks down certain foods

Salivary Glands

part of taste sensations, contains enzyme to break down starches

Set Point Model

The body has a natural range of weight and will remain within the range; this can change with MAJOR diet/activity changes

Large Intestine

further absorption and manufacture some vitamins

Small Intestine

balance pH of “stomach mix” by secreting alkalinic pancreatic juices that also help digest carbs and fats. final absorption of starches (early on) and fats broken down by bile salts stored in gall bladder and made in the liver. fluid absorbed and nutrients/electrolytes extracted

Body Fat

part of the body that is not muscle, fluid, or bone

Double Decker Bus

The experiment to show that the driver and the conductor have very different health outcomes

Aerobic Fitness

increased O2 delivery and metabolism during work; blood flow increas, mt conc. and vascukarization at muscle level; effect on resting and working HR

9 kcal/gram

fats

Mitochondria

makes ATP

Protein

4 kcal/gram;

Sudden Cardiac Death

death

Endorphins

natural morphines

Testosterone

male sex hormone

Isokinetic Exercise

effort against weight and return to start; constant weight

Healthy Physical Activity for 1 week

how much physical activity one deos for just one week

Activities of Daily Living

basic tasks needed for self-care and independent living

Isometric Exercise

pushing against immoveable exercise; little joint movement

Carbohydrates

4 kcal/gram

Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease

joke?

Surgeon General

lack of physical activity is a primary risk factor for CVD.

dose - response

there is a relationship with any type of physical activity and positive changes to cholesterol/general health

Vascularization

the process of new blood vessels forming in a tissue or organ, which is essential for delivering oxygen and nutrients and removing waste products

Organic Fitness

genetic

Acquired Fitness

dynamic

Peristalsis

rhythmic contraction & relaxation of muscle linging the digestive tract starting in esophagus

Osteoporosis

weak bone density

Apple shaped

carry fat high

Pear shaped

carry fat low; better

Positive Incentive Model

positive reinforcement of eating has important consequences for weight maintenance; people learn to regulate their eating, explains variability in obesity

Waist-Hip Ratio

distribution of weight/fat, not fatness;

U-Shaped

muscle

contraction and relaxation

Body Fat percentage

how much fat is carried; fat vs muscle