Brain

Frontal Lobe

Responsible for language and thinking processes.

Parietal Lobe

Processes sensory perception and spatial awareness.

Occipital Lobe

Primarily involved in visual processing.

Temporal Lobe

Handles auditory processing and memory.

Prefrontal Cortex

Involved in complex cognitive behavior.

Primary Somatosensory Cortex

Processes sensory information from the body.

Primary Visual Cortex

Initial processing area for visual information.

Primary Auditory Cortex

First area for processing auditory information.

Midbrain

Relays sensory information, particularly visual and auditory.

Motor control and movement, especially eyes.

Pons Function

Sleep cycle, breathing, movements of the face and eyes.

Relays sensory information, involved in hearing, balance, and taste.

Bridge between different brain regions.

Medulla Function

Heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, digestion, and more necessary involuntary actions.

Bridge between brainstem and spinal cord.

Cerebellum Function

Muscle tone,
Coordination & movement,
Balance,
Learning.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Function

Provides protection, nourishment, and waste removal.

Basal Ganglia Function

Habit formation,
Emotional response,
Reward systems,
Executive function,
Motor control and initiation,
Addiction.

Thalamus Function

Relays all sensory information to the appropriate area in the Cerebrum.

Hypothalamus Function

Regulates heart rate, temperature, hunger, sleep, and more involuntary actions.

Controls pituitary gland accordingly.

Hippocampus Function

Learning,
Memory storage,
Emotions.

Amygdala Function

Processes emotions and decision-making.

Pineal Gland Function

Regulates circadian rhythms and melatonin production.

Pituitary Gland Function

Creates and secretes various hormones that stimulate other glands in the endocrine system to secret hormones.

Regulates, growth, metabolism and reproduction.

Controlled by the Hypothalamus.

Corpus Callosum Function

Transfers and integrates information between hemispheres.

Ventricles Function

Produce, secrete, and circulate CSF.

Lobes in the Cerebrum

Frontal Lobe,
Parietal Lobe,
Occipital Lobe,
Temporal Lobe

Primary Motor Cortex Function and Place

Execution of voluntary actions through signals to the spinal cord.

Found in the Frontal Lobe.

Premotor Cortex Function and Place

Preparation and planning of movement as a result of sensory information its provided with (e.g. from Parietal Lobe).

Found in the Frontal Lobe.

Premotor Cortex and Primary Motor Cortex differences

Primary Motor Cortex is primarily involved in execution of movement, whereas Premotor Cortex is mainly planning.

Premotor Cortex uses sensory information from many regions, whilst Primary Motor Cortex uses less.

Primary Motor Cortex sends signals directly to the spinal cord, whilst the Premotor Cortex influences movement through connections with the former.