Topic 2.3 Capture and the impact of the slave trade of west african socities

The first step of enslavement was _________. Where were slaves kept? For how long?

Capture and preparation

• 2-6 months

• enslaved were marched to the shore where they waited in dungeons

The second step of enslavement was the middle passage. How long did it take? What were the conditions?

• It took 5 months

• They were stripped of clothing, possessions, and forced to shave heads

• stuffed into small compartments

• no sanitary conditions

• disease was rampant and it ravaged the slaves

• forced exercise, to eat

• beaten with whips

• raped and sexually abused

What happened on the slave ship zong?

• 442 slaves on board

• 62 slaves and seven crew members died

• Disease everywhere and low freshwater

• threw slaves overboard to help with disease → drowned slaves covered by insurance

• enslaved people viewed as animals

In what ways did the enslaved resist the middle passage

1. refusing to eat

2. taking their own lives

3. staging revolts

What is a speculum orum? What is it used for

Screwed their mouths open and used to feed

Out of the 100 africans taken from the interior, only ___ of them would survive the trip to the coast itself.

Of those, only ___ would survive the middle passage

Of those who stepped off the ship ___ would survive the first 3 to 4 years in the colony

Some refer to charleston, SC as african americans ______

Brazil abolished slavery in ___

1. 64

2. 48

3. 28-30

4. ellis island

5. 1888

The third step of enslavement was _________. What did it involve, How long did it take?

The final passage

9-12 months

Impact

The slave trade increase ______ to use violence to enslave neighboring societies

Wars between kingdoms were exacerbated by the prevalence of ___ received from trade with the europeans

Europeans traded _________. Gush allowed africans states to expand

1. ___ used its army to capture slaves for sale

2. The ___ became involved in the slave trade

3. The ___ (kingdom of Dahomey) was a center for slave trade

1. Monetary incentives

2. firearms

3. guns for gold

4. asante

5. oyo

6. Fon

Coastal states became ___ from trade in goods and people, while interior states became unstable under constant threat of capture and enslavement

To maintain local dominance and grow their wealth, african leaders sold ____________ from opposing ethnic groups…weakening those villages

In some areas of the americas this led to a concentration of former african soldiers, which ___ enslaved communities to ___

1. wealthy

2. soldiers and war captives

3. aided

4. revolt

As a result of the slave trade, african societies suffered from

• long term instability

• loss of kin (relatives) who would have assumed leadership roles in their communities, raised their families, and passed on their traditions