Chapter 5 - Applications of First law for Steady Flow

When is flow throttled

When it flow though a partially open value

What happens to the pressure in a throttling device

There is significant pressure loss from one side to the next

How is a throttling device modelled as

Steady with 1 entrance and exit, no control volume work or heat transfer

What remains constant in a throttling device

Enthalpy

How are Nozzles and Diffusers modeled as

Steady with one entrance, one exit and no control volume work

What does a nozzle do to velocity

Increase

What does a diffuser do to velocity

Decrease

How does a turbine generate work

Though expansion of a fluid as it passes though a fan like device

What energy transfers happen in a turbine

Thermal and mechanical energy is transferred from the fluid into rotational kinetic energy of the fan blades

In a turbine, what does the work and what does it produce

The fluid does the work to produce some form of mechanical energy

In a pump/compressor, what does the work and what does it produce

Mechanical energy is transferred to the fluid

In a turbine/compressor what happens energy wise

Mechanical energy is transferred to the fluid, raising its energetic state by rotating or reciprocating machinery

What is a working fluid

A substance that flows and carries energy in a thermodynamic device

What is a heat exchange

A device in which a working fluid trades its thermal energy with another working fluid without mixing

How does heat move in a heat exchange

Heat is transferred from the hot fluid to the cold one though the wall separating them

How can the heat transfer rate be increases in a heat pump

Increase the heat transfer area

What are the components in a simple steam power plant

Boiler, turbine, condenser, pump

What is the equation for 1-2

h2 - h1

What is the equation for 2-3

Wt = h2 - h3

What is the equation for 3-4

qc = h4 - h3

What is the equation for 4-5

wp = h4 - h5

What is the equation for 5-1

qb = h1 - h5