BIOL 1306 Chapter 4 Kahoot

The semifluid matrix that surrounds organelles in a cell is called the

cytoplasm

Eukaryotes show organization of tightly packaged chromosomal DNA with proteins into a membrane-bound structure called a

nucleus

The organelle that can collect, package, modify, and transport molecules is called the

Golgi apparatus

Many antibiotics kill bacteria because they hinder translation by prokaryotic _________.

ribosomes

The evolutionary process that created chloroplasts and mitochondria is

endosymbiosis

Microfilaments such as actin, microtubules, and the intermediate filaments form the cell-supporting structure called the

cytoskeleton

Small cells function more effectively, because as cells become larger their surface area to volume ratio:

decreases

Organelles that breakdown hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen are

peroxisomes

A circular molecule of DNA devoid of any histone proteins describes the chromosome of

bacteria

Who first described cells?

Hooke

Schleiden and Schwann stated the "cell theory," which in its modern form says

all organisms are composed of one or more cells

Chromosomal hereditary material can be packaged in this organelle in eukaryotic cells but not in prokaryotic cells.

nucleus

Prokaryotic cell movement is attributed to:

flagella

Photosynthetic pigments in bacteria are located in the:

plasma membrane

Plant cells often have a large membrane-bound sac that is used for storing water and other substances called a:

central vacuole

This cellular structure lacks a membrane:

nucleoid

Some of the functions of the eukaryotic organelles are performed in bacteria by the:

plasma membrane

The cytoplasmic space in eukaryotic cells occupied by membrane-bound structures with specific cellular functions called:

organelles

Ribosomes are made up of:

protein and RNA

Organelle that is directly involved in the transport of proteins synthesized on the surface of the rough ER:

Golgi body

In eukaryotes, mitochondria are the organelles primarily involved in:

energy release/capture

Nuclear pores permit the passage of all the following except:

DNA molecules only outward

The nucleolus is the site of:

ribosome assembly

Mitochondria and chloroplasts are the other organelles besides the nucleus that contain:

DNA

Organelle involved in oxygen-requiring process where energy harvested from macromolecules is used to generate ATP:

mitochondria

Cilia and flagella of eukaryotic cells are composed of:

microtubules in a 9 + 2 arrangement

The distinctive feature of chloroplasts is that they contain a green pigment called:

chlorophyll

A spider mite seems to be the habitat of an even smaller mite, which is about 0.05mm. Which microscope would you use?

binocular compound light microscope

Why is does the endoplasmic reticulum of each cell appear rough?

This tissue exports proteins to other areas of the body

Plants, fungi and bacterial all have:

cell walls

If you could create an artificial cell, what cellular structures must you include?

ribosomes