AICE Computer Science Unit 1

Binary, Hex, Decimal Conversions & Graphics and Sound

Pixel

Smallest unit of graphics

Vector Graphic

Graphic where lines and points are calculated and drawn to create an image.

Drawing Object

An object in a graphic application that can be created and manipulated as a single entity, including shapes and text.

File Header

A set of bytes contained in a file that gives information about the file, such as the size, dtad type, date, etc.

Screen Resolution

The total number of pixels the display can show.

Image Quality

The combination of screen resolution, image resolution, bit and color depth.

Bit Depth

The number of bits used to represent Red, Blue, and Green in each pixel.

Image Resolution

Total number of pixels used to create the image.

Bitmap

Graphic where each pixel is coded for a specific color to create an image.

Color Depth

How many bits are used per pixel.

Lossy Compression

A compression type that removes parts of the data to shrink the size.

Lossless Compression

A compression type that reorganizes and re-encodes the data to shrink the size of the file.

Sampling Resolution

How many bits are used to store the sampling data.

Sampling

The process of taking a measurement, or recording data at regular intervals and then storing the data.

Digital Data

Data that has been stored as binary code.

Sampling Rate

The number of samples taken in a given amount of time.

Analogue Data

Real world data streams that are continuous and never ending.

Bit

Smallest unit of data that a computer can process and store; a binary digit. Can only have two values, either “0” or “1”

Byte

8 bits! One byte can represent 256 bits of data. Most COMMON unit of measure for data storage.

Nibble

4 bits! One nibble can represent 16 bits of data.

Encoding

Writing process of converting digital data into a format that humans can understand.

Decoding

Reading process of understanding the encoding written to communicate with the computer.

Run-Length Encoding

Process of identifying repeating trends in code and re-encoding them using less bits.

Data Unit Conversion

1 and 2’s Compliment

Method for representing signed integers in binary by inverting bits (1’s compliment) and adding one (2’s compliment).

Formula for File Size (Graphics)

File size (bits) = width (pixels) x height (pixels) x color depth (bits)

Drawing List (Vector Graphic)

A sequence of instructions for drawing shapes or images in computer graphics, often stored within a file to determine how visuals are rendered on screen.

Property (Vector Graphic)

An attribute that defines characteristics of vector graphic objects, such as color, stroke width, and fill.