AP Environmental Science Review Guide- Unit 1 Test

studied byStudied by 0 people
0.0(0)
learn
LearnA personalized and smart learning plan
exam
Practice TestTake a test on your terms and definitions
spaced repetition
Spaced RepetitionScientifically backed study method
heart puzzle
Matching GameHow quick can you match all your cards?
flashcards
FlashcardsStudy terms and definitions

1 / 80

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.

81 Terms

1
Ecosystem Structure
abiotic, biotic factors. Levels of organization, organism, species, population, community, and ecosystem
New cards
2
Abiotic Factors
Non-living thing
New cards
3
Ex: Waters, soils, minerals in the soil,O2
New cards
4
Biotic Fctors
Living things
New cards
5
Ex: Grasses, elephants
New cards
6
Levels of organization
Primary Producers, Primary Consumers, Secondary Consumers
New cards
7
Organism
An individual living thing that can react to stimuli, reproduce, grow and maintain homeostasis.
New cards
8
Species
A group of living organisms of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes.
New cards
9
Population
How many of one species of an organism.
New cards
10
Ex:Deer(how much of a deer is an organism in a population)
New cards
11
Community
Living things in an community. Groups of different species living together in a particular place with a potential for interacting with one another.
New cards
12
Example:Deer
New cards
13
Ecosystem
Living and non-living things
New cards
14
Example: Rock, deer
New cards
15
Roles in an ecosystem
Niches- specialist vs generalist
New cards
16
R vs K Selected Species, Keystone species, Invasive Species, Endangered species
New cards
17
Niches(Specialist vs Generalist)
Each species occupies a niche in the community.
New cards
18
A niche is the role that species play and includes the type of food it eats, where it lives, where it reproduces, and its relationships with other species.
New cards
19
Generalist
Can thrive in a wide variety of environmental conditions and can make use of a variety of different resources. (Heterotroph)
New cards
20
Specialist
Only can range in few environments and has a limited diet.
New cards
21
R Species
-Many, usually small, offspring
New cards
22
-Little or no parental care
New cards
23
-Massive deaths of offspring
New cards
24
-Insects, bacteria, algae, Dandelions
New cards
25
K-Species
Reproduce later in life
New cards
26
-Few offspring with long life spans
New cards
27
-Long time to maturity
New cards
28
-Mother puts in a high amount of energy earing for young.
New cards
29
-Apes, Elephants
New cards
30
Keystone Species
A species that plays an important role in allowing the rest of the ecosystem to function.
New cards
31
*If you remove an organism from a ecosystem, the ecosystem will collapse.*
New cards
32
Invasive Species
A species that was not originally a part of an ecosystem, but was brought in by humans and out-compete the native species.
New cards
33
Ex: Species coming and adapting to a new envrionment.
New cards
34
Endangered Species
A species of an animal or plant that will become extinct.
New cards
35
Foundation Species
A species eho activities changes in the habitat.
New cards
36
Ex: Beaver creating new dams in the river.
New cards
37
Interactions b/w species
Competition, Predation, Parasitism, Mutualism, Commensalism
New cards
38
Mutualism
Both species benefit from each other.
New cards
39
Competition
Neither organisms is happy about this
New cards
40
Parasitism/Predation
Other benefits, the other loses.
New cards
41
Parasitism
An interaction in which one organism lives on or in another organism.
New cards
42
-Acts like a host(pathogen)=Cast diseases in their host= Bacteria, fungi, worms, etc
New cards
43
Predation
When one prey attacks other animal and eats them.
New cards
44
-A way to avoid predators, animals camoflouge
New cards
45
Indicator Species
Some species are sensitive to environmental change, and their presence or absence can tell about the environment.
New cards
46
Ex:If a frog is in a forest it means that it is healthy
New cards
47
Biodiversity
Why is it valuable? Makes the ecosystem stronger. The richer it is, the higher the diversity is. Biodiversity contain species and genetic diversity.
New cards
48
Species diversity: The # of different types of species in an ecosystem.
New cards
49
Genetic Diversity: The variety of genetic diversity held within a species.
New cards
50
Species richness: The # of species
New cards
51
Species Eveness: The relative # of species
New cards
52
Edge effect(ecotone)- BIOLOGY
Edge b/w 2 types of habitat.
New cards
53
Habitat fragmentation- BIOLOGY
Cutting a habitat in half
New cards
54
Ex: Roads to the forest
New cards
55
Flow of energy
10% rule, photosynthesis and respiration, trophic levels, food web structure, biomagnification,
New cards
56
10%rule
As you go up, the food chain. 90% is lost and 10% goes up.
New cards
57
-On average pnly 10% of the energy from a lower level makes it to the level above.
New cards
58
Biomass
The mass of the living thing
New cards
59
Photosynthesis and Respiration
Photosynthesis: Plants get their energy from the sun.
New cards
60
Respiration: Humans breathe in CO2 and we breathe it out.
New cards
61
Trophic Levels
Energy Level(All energy comes from the Sun)
New cards
62
-Food Chain: Primary producers, Primary consumers, secondary consumers
New cards
63
Food web structure
A web included with predators and preys....
New cards
64
Biomagnification
Toxic substances become increasingly concentrated withn living organisms as they move up each step of the food chain.
New cards
65
*The more you go up the food chain, the more toxins you have in your body.*
New cards
66
Evolution and Natural Selection
How does it work? As evolution happens, organisms with traits tend to reproduce through the process of natural selction.
New cards
67
Evolution
Over a lon.g period of time, species differentiate and change in response to their environment. Eventually, new species are created.
New cards
68
Natural Selection
This is the way natural selection happens. Organisms with traits that make them more successful end up having more offspring, and those traits dominate in future generaions.
New cards
69
Ecosystem Services
a) What products do we get from the healthy ecosystem?
New cards
70
b) What life functions we get from the healthy ecosystem?
New cards
71
What products do we get from the healthy ecosystem?
Natural resources, water
New cards
72
What life functions do we get from the healthy ecosystem?
Oxygen,
New cards
73
Long Term Change
Ecological Succession, Primary, Secondary, Pioneer Species, and Climax Community
New cards
74
Ecological Succession
A process of ecosystem recovering
New cards
75
Primary Succession
Occurs when the ecosystem must start from bare rock. (From scratch)
New cards
76
Ex:like a volcano erupts on a land(Pompeii)
New cards
77
Secondary Succession
Occurs when there is a disturbance that leaves some biotic factors behind.
New cards
78
Ex: Fire leaves some plants alive and from that natural rescource, certain factors can start to adapt.
New cards
79
Pioneer species
First species to colonize after a disruptive ecosystem.
New cards
80
Ex: Volcano erupt, magma covers everything. First plant to grow, is a pioneer species

New cards
81
Climax Community
Fully recover ecosystem
New cards

Explore top notes

note Note
studied byStudied by 29 people
400 days ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 41 people
282 days ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 6 people
882 days ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 14 people
829 days ago
5.0(2)
note Note
studied byStudied by 12 people
64 days ago
4.0(2)
note Note
studied byStudied by 12 people
904 days ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 10 people
1008 days ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 275 people
681 days ago
5.0(1)

Explore top flashcards

flashcards Flashcard (20)
studied byStudied by 29 people
662 days ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (259)
studied byStudied by 38 people
45 days ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (111)
studied byStudied by 4 people
823 days ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (143)
studied byStudied by 151 people
756 days ago
3.8(10)
flashcards Flashcard (72)
studied byStudied by 6 people
253 days ago
5.0(2)
flashcards Flashcard (164)
studied byStudied by 93 people
39 days ago
5.0(2)
flashcards Flashcard (24)
studied byStudied by 10 people
739 days ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (30)
studied byStudied by 2761 people
417 days ago
4.8(33)
robot