Chemistry acids and redox

What are the definitions of oxidation

Loss of electrons, gain of oxygen, loss of hydrogen, increase of oxidation number

What are the definitions of reduction

Gain of electrons, loss of oxygen, gain of hydrogen, decrease in oxidation number

What is redox reaction

A reaction where one species is oxidised and one species is reduced

How is a strong acid different to a weak acid

strong acids fully dissociate into H+ ions and weak acids partially dissociate into H+ ions, decreasing pH

Definition of an acid

A substance that dissolves to release H+ ions

Definition of an alkali

A soluble base (releases OH- ions)

Is ammonia an acid or base

Base

What does an oxidation number represent

The number of electrons lost by an atom in a compound

What is an oxidising/reducing agent

A substance that causes another species to oxidise/reduce

Oxidation number rule for oxygen

Always -2 except peroxides and super oxides

Oxidation number rule for hydrogen

+1 except for hydrides

Oxidation number rule for fluorine

-1

Oxidation number rule for group 1 and 2

Group 1 is always +1 and group 2 is always +2

What will the sum of oxidation numbers be equivalent to

The charge of the molecule

Acid + alkali →

salt + water

Acid + oxide →

salt + water

acid + carbonate →

salt + water + carbon dioxide

ionic equation for neutralisation

H+ + OH- → H2O

How does dissociation work with molecules with more than 1 hydrogen

There are multiple dissociations which remove 1 H+ ion each