Cultural Landscapes Midterm

One of the key take-aways of this class is that landscapes are "just the way they are" and we don't need to know their histories or contexts to understand them.

False

Why does the Prime Meridian run through Greenwich, England?

Much of the world's commerce depended on sea-charts centering Greenwich when the Prime Meridian was decided upon.

Geographers

study the Earth as created by natural forces and modified by human action.

According to Raymond Williams, __________ is one of the two or three most complicated words in the English language.

Culture

The forerunner of the term "culture" ("cultura" in Latin) could refer to which of the following? Select all that apply.

Art, Inhabit

Memes, poetry, music, and graffiti are examples of which approach to culture as described by Sewell?

Culture as creativity or agency

What does Sewell mean when he says that cultures are loosely integrated?

There are many subgroups within one culture and inequality shapes the different roles people take on within them.

The relationship between cultural institutions and society is that...

There is an iterative process between them.

_____________ are rules or habits that guide people to consistently act and think in a particular way.

Structures

Geographers think of landscape as a comprehensive product of human action.

True

According to the lecture, what can we see evidence of in the image of Phoenix, Arizona?

Car culture

While there are many signs written into our landscapes, each one has only one possible attached meaning.

False

While you can read meaning into a symbolic landscape, you cannot read meaning into an ordinary landscape.

False

Many landscapes will have both ordinary and symbolic elements.

True

Semiotics is

the study of signs, symbols, and signification.

Words on a page, gestures, or the color red in a
stop light are examples of:

Signifiers

The association between a picture of a rose and
romance is:

Connotations

Smoke signifying fire is an example of

Index

The use of neoclassical architecture in DC signifies
a commitment to

Democracy

Which of the following is NOT true of ordinary/vernacular landscapes?

They are landscapes created by people going about their daily lives
They are not designed with the specific goal of projecting ideas or values
They make certain ideas or values seem natural or neutral

Landscapes that have experienced abandonment or disinvestment are referred to as

derelict landscapes.

Regional geography studies human and cultural impacts on a region, but does not include environmental factors.

False

A region based around a newspaper’s circulation would be a ____________ region.

Functional

A region characterized by a commonly spoken language would be a  __________ region.

formal

A region that plays an important role in cultural identity but has no official or even clear-cut borders would be a ___________ region.

vernacular

A physiographic region is constructed around:

Topography and morphology

Water shortages impact people living in the desert southwest, but not in the northeast.

False

The University of Nebraska study on Great Plains ecosystems revealed what about these ecosystems?

Overall, they shifted 365 miles north since the 1970s

There was so much change that by the 2010s a new ecosystem appeared in the study area.

Which of the following was NOT among the reasons University of Nebraska researchers cited for the changes to the Great Plains?

over-hunting

The removal of history and identity of certain groups from the landscape and what we learn about it is referred to as:

erasure

The discovery and naming of the River Gulu highlights:

Renaming as a practice of claiming in colonization

When considering place-making, how a place is used in the evening falls under

sociability

When considering place-making, traffic data falls under

access and linkages

Which of the following is NOT among the primary ways in which feelings about places can be connected to identity?

Identifying with a place

Identifying against a place

Not identifying

Your identity can only be tied to places that you have experienced first-hand.

False

A men's only country club where fee-paying members come to relax and socialize is an example of a

second place

Edward Said's work on Orientalism discusses

how Europeans and North Americans perceive Asia, North Africa, and the Middle East.

The ideas that people construct about places they have never been is called

imagined geography.

Dislike or fear of a place can create what Zonabend calls _____________, which are aspects of a place that may be hazy or forgotten all together.

memory blanks

Normative landscapes

transmit information about what is right and appropriate in that space.

In addition to wheelchair users, detectable warning surfaces are designed to assist

vision-impaired individuals

Since the 2010 Affordable Care Act was signed into law, businesses are obligated to provide lactation rooms for workers with nursing children.

True

Hostile architecture most commonly targets youth and

homeless individuals.

Who was excluded by Robert Moses’ bridges?

Bus riders

Sundown Towns were found

in both southern and northern states.

Which of the following would NOT be considered a form of memorialization?

Statues

Shrines

Posters

Graffiti

All of the above would be considered forms of memorialization

Our memorial landscapes are referred to as

Memoryscapes

The Canadian Nurse’s Memorial began as a memorial specifically for nurses who died in WWII. What has its meaning changed to include?

Heroic Canadian women

The statue of Columbus in Mexico City depicted in the lecture was:

Placed there by the Spanish

Which of the following is NOT true of the Missionary Party in Hawai’i?

They worked with the native Hawaiians to reduce the local power of the European and American businessmen

Which of the following is true of the Katrina X’s?

There were a variety of reactions ranging from seeing the Xs as a symbol of resilience to seeing them as a painful reminder of suffering.

The term "subaltern" most typically refers to:

colonized peoples

A portrayal of history in which many perspectives are presented as valid rather than focusing on one narrative is referred to as:

multivocal history

During the creation of Shenandoah National Park, the federal government:

Removed homes to give the appearance that the land was never settled

Where was the “Woman Movement” statue kept? Select all that apply.

- The Capitol rotunda
- The Capitol crypt
- A basement closet

The Manzanar historic site

Is located at the site of a Japanese internment camp in California