Untitled Flashcards Set

Nickname of President Warren G. Harding’s close friends which he hired that ended up being corrupt.

Ohio Gang

Appointed by Harding as Secretary of Commerce because of his famed work with the Belgians (feeding during WWI) and wartime food administration.

Herbert Hoover

Former President of the United States appointed as SCOTUS’s Chief Justice by Harding.

William Howard Taft

Returned the railroads back to private ownership; Government had taken over the railroads during WWI.

Esch-Cummins Transportation Act of 1920

Organization created in 1921 by Congress to look after Veterans Affairs.

Veterans Bureau

Veterans organization founded in Paris in 1919 by Colonel Theodore Roosevelt, Jr.

American Legion

They wanted their “dough” $$$.

Grievance of former “doughboys” from WWI

Legislation passed to appease former WWI Veterans, giving each soldier a paid-up insurance policy due in twenty years.

Adjusted Compensation Act (1924)

Because we rejected the Treaty of Versailles.

United States technically at war with Germany and Austria-Hungary

Diplomatic bargain between 62 nations initiated by Calvin Coolidge’s Secretary of State, outlawing war between the signatory countries.

Kellogg-Briand Pact

The pact outlawed war between the countries which signed but did not have consequences for those that went to war.

Consequences of the Kellogg-Briand Pact

U.S. doctrine created to prevent intervention in international events, stating they would not recognize any territory taken by force.

Stimson Doctrine

If a country were to invade and take another nation's land, the United States would not recognize that territorial claim.

Aspects of the Stimson Doctrine

Caused Europeans producers to feel a squeeze, unable to sell products, thus not able to pay back their war debts.

High-tariff course by the Republicans

Scandal during the Harding administration involving Albert Fall who leased former navy oil reserves to private oil men for a bribe.

Teapot Dome Scandal

When the oil men involved in the Teapot Dome scandal were acquitted, the saying was, 'You can’t put a million dollars in jail.'

Cynical saying about rich men and jail

Successor to Warren G. Harding after his untimely death.

Calvin Coolidge

Coolidge’s philosophy concerning big business

The Business of America is Business.

Overwhelming issue facing post-WWI Europe

International debts.

U.S. plan to help resolve the issue of international debts, involving loans to Germany.

Dawes Plan

Details of the Dawes Plan

The U.S. would loan Germany money who then would pay Britain and France, who would pay back the U.S. treasury for loans incurred during WWI.

Republican elected in 1928 after Coolidge

Herbert Hoover.

Major problem facing Hoover’s policies

He didn’t believe in the public “dole”, advocating that people should help themselves.

Date of the stock market crash

October 29, 1929.

Four leading indicators of the Stock Market Crash

Declining housing starts; Business inventories were up; Stock market was overvalued; People were buying on the margin.

Five leading causes of the Great Depression

Farmer overproduction, uneven distribution of income, unbalanced foreign trade, overextended personal debts, mechanized industrialization.

Shantytowns constructed just outside of major cities housing those who lost their homes.

Hoovervilles

Hoover's realization about his theory

He realized that his theory of rugged individualism was not working.

Called for payment for services rendered in WWI.

Bonus Expeditionary Force

Outcome of the Bonus Expeditionary Force

Hoover called out the army, including General Douglas MacArthur and Dwight D. Eisenhower, to break up the march.

Type of policy used by Hoover toward Latin American neighbors.

Good Neighbor policy