Chemical Hazards and Laboratory Safety

Flashcards about Chemical Hazards and Safety in the Laboratory

Route of Entry/Exposure (ROE)

The way in which a chemical substance enters the body.

Inhalation

A chemical enters the body through the respiratory tract by breathing in a vapor, gas, fume, mist, or dust.

Ingestion

A chemical enters the digestive tract through the mouth.

Absorption

A chemical comes in contact with the skin, allowing dermal absorption.

Injection

Chemicals enter the body through a cut in the skin by a contaminated object.

Pharmacokinetics

The study of how the body processes substances to which it is exposed, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME).

Allergens

An agent that produces an immunological reaction.

Lachrymators

Chemical substances that cause prolific tearing of the eyes.

Asphyxiants

Substances that have the ability to deprive the body of oxygen, either by displacing oxygen or preventing the body from using it.

Solvents

Liquids used to dissolve or disperse other reagents, many of which present flammability hazards.

Corrosion

The gradual destruction resulting from the action of a chemical on metal or living tissue.

Oxidizers

Chemicals that can supply oxygen in a reaction or be reduced, facilitating the oxidation of another substance.

Peroxide-Forming Solvents

Compounds containing two oxygen atoms joined with a single bond, some of which can form unstable peroxides over time when exposed to air or light.

Incidents

Events that occur in laboratories that are unexpected and unwanted.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Equipment used to eliminate or minimize exposure to hazards, including gloves, eye protection, lab coats, and aprons .

Wafting

Using your hand to waft vapors toward your face and sniff gently

The RAMP concept

To recognize hazards, assess the risks of hazards, minimize the risks of hazards, and prepare for emergencies.

Toxicology

The study of the adverse effects of a substance on living organisms and the ecosystem.