Darwin's Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection
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14 Terms
Evolution
Change in inherited characteristics of a species over time
Natural selection
Process where individuals with advantageous traits survive and reproduce
Variation
Differences between individuals in a species
Competition
Struggle for resources due to overproduction of offspring
Survival of the fittest
Individuals best adapted survive and reproduce
Adaptation
A trait that increases an organism’s chance of survival
Advantageous allele
A gene variant that increases survival chances
What is evolution?
Change in inherited characteristics over generations
What is natural selection?
Individuals with advantageous traits survive and reproduce
Why is variation important?
It means some individuals are better suited to the environment
Why do organisms compete?
More offspring are produced than the environment can support
What happens to advantageous alleles?
They are passed to offspring and become more common
What is meant by ‘survival of the fittest’?
Best‑adapted individuals survive and reproduce
Give an example of natural selection
Peppered moth colour change
